Understanding and Managing Infant Dermatitis
 
Infant dermatitis is a common skin condition that affects babies in infancy. Whilst it can be distressing for both parents and babies, it’s vital to remember that most cases can be effectively managed with proper care and management. This article is aimed at parents whose infants have recently been diagnosed with dermatitis and will explore: 

• The different types of infant dermatitis,
• Causes
• Role of nutrition
• Nutrients that support natural skin health
• Tips on how to manage and alleviate discomfort for your infant. 

 
The different types of infant dermatitis

• Atopic dermatitis (eczema) – a chronic, itchy skin condition that often starts in infancy. 
• Contact dermatitis – occurs when the skin comes into contact with a possible irritant or allergen. Common causes included perfumed shampoo, soaps, and creams, but also washing powders and fabrics. Symptoms include redness, itching and sometimes blisters. 
• Cradle cap (seborrheic dermatitis) – presents as greasy, yellowish, scaly patches on the scalp. This condition is harmless and generally resolves on its own.
• Nappy rash (dermatitis) – a common occurrence in nappy wearing infants, due to contact with moisture. Symptoms include redness and irritation within the area covered by a nappy. 

 
Causes
There are different possible causes, depending on the type: 

• Genetics – having a family history of eczema or other skin conditions can increase an infant’s risk of developing infant dermatitis.
• Allergies/intolerances to food or environmental triggers can trigger atopic (allergic) dermatitis. 
• Irritants. As mentioned above certain fragrances or materials (eg. nickel) can trigger contact dermatitis.
• Environmental factors such as the weather and humidity levels, can also trigger an infant’s fragile skin. 

 
Role of Nutrition
Nutrition is the foundation of all our cells, including skin cells and it can have an impact on the development and management of infant dermatitis. In the past allergens were strictly avoided in infants, but research has uncovered that this may make food allergies more prevalent. The guidelines, now are: 

• Breastfeeding. UK Government guidelines are for a baby to be breastfed, where possible, for the first six months of life. This is particularly important in the case of infants with a familial history of atopy (allergic eczema, asthma etc). 
• Formula milks. If there is a family history of atopy then it is worth discussing the possibility of being recommended a hypoallergenic formula, with your doctor or health visitor, 
• Weaning. 
  • For an infant WITHOUT any familial history of atopy, recommendations are to start weaning at around 6 months of age (when they can sit up, unassisted in a highchair). Foods that are common allergens should be included within the diet. 
  • For an infant WITH a familial history of atopy, the recommendation is to start weaning from the age of 4 months and include possible allergens such as dairy, egg or peanut.
  •  However, if your infant already has bad infant dermatitis, please consult with your doctor, specialist, a nutrition professional or health visitor before introducing any high-risk allergen foods. 
• Probiotics, the studies related to these are nuanced in relation to infant dermatitis: 
  • If there is a familial history of atopy, probiotics during pregnancy have been shown in studies to lower the baby’s risk of developing infant dermatitis. 
  • When the infant is born and before any infant dermatitis develops, it is worth considering introducing a probiotic formulated specifically for infants. 
  • However, if your infant has already developed infant dermatitis, research has shown that the consumption of probiotics, particularly in supplement form, can, in some individuals, worsen the flare. 

 
Nutrients that support healthy skin 
Some nutrients are essential for skin health generally, so if your infant is weaned and hasn’t demonstrated any allergies or intolerances, then consider including the following nutrients into their regular nutrition can be supportive: 

• Omega 3 Essential Fatty Acids found in oily fish such as mackerel, salmon, and sardines or in flax and chia seeds. 
• Vitamin E is essential for skin repair and protection is can be found in nuts, seeds, and oils. 
• Vitamin C supports collagen production and is found in a wide range of foods including peppers and broccoli as well as the more traditionally thought of citrus fruits. 
• Vitamin D. In the UK guidelines are that all infants should have vitamin D supplementation from birth to 12 months. Discuss this with your GP. 
• Zinc is vital for skin development and repair, it is primarily found in meats, fish, and dairy.  Pumpkin seeds are a good source of plant-based zinc. 

 
My tips for managing infant dermatitis. 

• Consult your GP, health visitor or a nutrition professional before making any significant changes to your infant’s diet and especially if you suspect any allergies or intolerances.
• Use a Food and Symptom diary (free copy linked here) so that you can identify potential triggers and share your findings with a health professional. Please note that if the infant is being breast-fed, then the diet of the person feeding the baby should also be recorded. 
• Gradual introduction of foods. Introduce new foods one at a time, so that you have a chance to really pinpoint potential triggers.
• Consider food-based sources of pro and prebiotics such as kefir or Jerusalem artichokes.
• Sunlight – vitamin D deficiency is linked to increase infant dermatitis risk. A short, daily exposure to some sunshine where possible, such as a walk in a pushchair outdoors, can be very beneficial. 

Foods, ingredients, or molecule intolerances appear to be on the rise and whilst some such as gluten or histamine are well known, others, such as salicylates, are more misunderstood. This article will delve into this lesser-known phenomenon exploring: 

• What are salicylates and what is salicylate intolerance? 
• Which symptoms are linked to salicylate intolerance? 
• What does the science say causes this condition? 
• How is salicylate intolerance diagnosed? 
• Suggestions on how to manage a suspected salicylate intolerance.

 
What are salicylates and what is a salicylate intolerance?  
 
Salicylates are natural chemicals found in many plants who use them to defend themselves against pests, bacteria, and environmental stressors. Salicylates are anti-inflammatory and as such have also been synthetically reproduced in laboratories for uses in medications, including aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen. 
 
Salicylic acid has excellent anti-fungal and anti-bacterial properties, leading to its common use as an ingredient in processed foods, condiments, cosmetics, and beauty products. 
 
In terms of food, salicylates are found in many plant foods to a higher or lesser extent. Some of the foods that are common triggers are: 

• Berries (especially strawberries), grapes, oranges, and apples
• Tomatoes, peppers, and broccoli 
• Cinnamon, curry powder and chili powder
• Almonds and peanuts
• Tea, coffee, and some fruit juices

 
Salicylate intolerance is where a person’s system has difficulty metabolising and tolerating salicylates, leading to a range of symptoms.  The phenomenon was initially observed in medically diagnosed patients with either aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) or NSAIDs-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) (1,2).   In the cases of both AERD and NERD, high doses of chemical salicylates can trigger asthma, rhinosinusitis and urticaria.  
 
Clinical case studies have observed that for some, simply eating a diet high in salicylates can contribute to a variety of symptoms, although this can vary from person to person and may also depend on the quantity of salicylates eaten or exposed to over a short period of time. 
 
Which symptoms are linked to salicylate intolerance? 
 
Whilst respiratory and skin symptoms are the most recognised symptoms of salicylate intolerance, there are others including: 

• Digestive issues: stomach pain, bloating, wind, diarrhoea
• Headaches
• Behavioural changes including irritability, restlessness or difficulty concentrating.
• Joint pain and swelling, similar to arthritis symptoms. 
• Fatigue. Both chronic fatigue and low energy levels are often described.
• Anaphylaxis. Whilst extremely rare, severe allergic reaction has been reported. 

 
What does the science say causes this condition? 
As with so many conditions, the exact cause of salicylate intolerance is not well understood, however there are some areas which are being explored: 

• Inability to metabolise or detoxify salicylates properly. 
• Genetic SNPs. Some studies have identified modifications on genes (SNPs) including on CYP2C9, NAT2 and UGT1A6 which might indicate a susceptibility to salicylate intolerance. (3,4)
• Overexposure from food, medical or topical sources can lead to symptoms.
• Underlying health conditions. It is thought that some health conditions including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), intestinal permeability (leaky gut) or Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) may increase the risk of salicylate intolerance, however it may also be the salicylate intolerance which triggers the health conditions. Further studies are needed to explore this. (5,6)

 
How is salicylate intolerance medically diagnosed? 
Diagnosis of salicylate intolerance is tricky, mainly because of the number of overlapping symptoms with other conditions.  A medical or nutrition practitioner will undertake: 

• A review of your symptoms and medical history. Could your symptoms be linked to other conditions e.g., IBS, food allergies, auto-immune conditions?
• A dietary analysis. Keeping a food and symptom diary can help identify common food triggers. A nutrition professional can use that information to evaluate whether salicylates may be a cause.  
• Challenge testing. If your medical practitioner suspects AERD or NERD then challenge testing may be undertaken within a hospital setting. 

 
For many, a salicylate intolerance is linked to other conditions or genetics and is not, itself, the root cause.  Sufferers tend to go heavily down the elimination root, which whilst does initially provide relief, is not a sustainable or healthy long-term solution. Working with a practitioner to discover the main trigger of the sensitivity is key. 
 
Suggestions for managing a suspected salicylate intolerance.

1. Review your diet by using a food and symptom diary. (you can download one FREE below). Note, that if you are reacting to everything then you need to work with a professional to find the route cause rather than starting to eliminate foods as the foods aren’t the actual issue.
2. Complete this quiz to see whether salicylates rather than histamines might be a trigger for you. 
3. Consider adopting a low salicylate diet. If you plan on changing your diet, you should consult with a healthcare or nutrition practitioner.  A low salicylate diet shouldn’t be followed for more than 3 weeks as it could lead to nutrient deficiencies. 
4. Pay attention to the ingredients of the foods you eat. Check the food labels. Many processed foods, condiments and sauces contain salicylates. 
5. What gene SNPs may you have that could contribute to a salicylate intolerance? How efficient are your detoxification pathways?  
6. Many over the counter medications are based on salicylic acid, so check with your pharmacist.
7. Skin and personal care products often contain salicylates. Try to choose those that are salicylate free. If in any doubt, contact the manufacturer. 
8. Lifestyle and emotions can influence how well a person can tolerate things. Get regular exercise and manage stress and relaxation. 

 
If on medication, please speak to your GP/consultant before making any changes to your diet. 

 
Sign up for my news to receive the published articles straight to your inbox. 
 
Read more by clicking below to see my previously published articles: 
 

• Motivated to change but struggling to stay on track? Tips for long term transformation.

• Symptoms but no idea what’s triggering them? Here are some tips to unravel the mystery.  
• Top Tips for Eating for the Planet without Compromising Your Nutrition 
• I want to eat more plant-based but pulses give me terrible digestive issues
• What is the atopic march?
• Why is eczema/atopic dermatitis itchier at night?
• You’ve been diagnosed with an atopic condition, but what does that mean? 
• Atopic dermatitis/eczema – a chronic condition that effects all ages 
• The skin microbiome, the key to good skin health  
• Autumnal Allergies – Yes, it is a thing
• If one-size-fits all diets worked, don’t you think we would have the magic formula by now?
  
  

Who Am I? 
I’m Jessica Fonteneau, the Eczema and Digestive Health Nutrition Expert. I’ve worked with hundreds of clients to help them change their diets, better manage their flares, and find relief.
 
My vocation is to help those with eczema and digestive issues, because I have suffered with these interlinked conditions since I was 6 months old, and I truly know what it is like to experience these debilitating conditions. 
 
Every client I have ever worked with has their own triggers and ideal nutrition. There is no such thing as ‘one-size-fits-all’. Whether you work with me one-to-one or use my guided tools, my objective is to help you uncover what works best for you, so that you take back control and experience relief. 
 
My guided programmes are only suitable for adults as children have very specific nutrition requirements. I do, however, work with many child clients as part of my clinic. 
 
I also offer two free communities for adults caring for children with eczema and digestive symptoms, feel free to come and join us and get some well-deserved support. 
 

• Free community for adults with skin and/or digestive issues
• Free community for carers of children with skin and/or digestive issues

 
To easily keep up with my articles, masterclasses, ebooks and online programmes and receive exclusive access to early bird offers, sign-up to my newsletter.  
 
Interested in what I do and who I am? Go to my website: www.jessicafonteneaunutrition.com
 
References: 

1. Skypala IJ, Williams M, Reeves L, Meyer R, Venter C. Sensitivity to food additives, vaso-active amines and salicylates: A review of the evidence. Clin Transl Allergy. 2015;5(1):1–11. 
2. Kęszycka PK, Lange E, Gajewska D. Effectiveness of personalized low salicylate diet in the management of salicylates hypersensitive patients: Interventional study. Nutrients. 2021;13(3):1–14. 
3. Park SM, Park JS, Park HS, Park CS. Unraveling the genetic basis of aspirin hypersensitivity in asthma beyond arachidonate pathways. Allergy, Asthma Immunol Res. 2013;5(5):258–76. 
4. Palikhe NS, Kim SH, Nam YH, Ye YM, Park HS. Polymorphisms of Aspirin-Metabolizing enzymes CYP2C9, NAT2 and UGT1A6 in Aspirin-Intolerant urticaria. Allergy, Asthma Immunol Res. 2011;3(4):273–6. 
5. Raithel M, Baenkler HW, Naegel A, Buchwald F, Schultis HW, Backhaus B, et al. Significance of salicylate intolerance in diseases of the lower gastrointestinal tract. J Physiol Pharmacol [Internet]. 2005;56 Suppl 5:89–102. Available from: http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/1624719
6. Tuck CJ, Malakar S, Barrett JS, Muir JG, Gibson PR. Naturally-occurring dietary salicylates in the genesis of functional gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: Pilot study. JGH Open. 2021;5(8):871–8. 

 ​

Blood sugars and continuous blood sugar monitors are all the rage and for good reason. Maintaining a stable blood sugar level isn’t just vital for metabolic health and weight, but also plays a key role in maintaining healthy skin and a normal functioning gut. 
 
This article will explore the connections between stable blood sugars and both skin and gut health and will provide practical tips to achieve and maintain this important balance: 

• The role of stable blood sugars
• Blood sugars and skin health
• Blood sugars and gut health
• My top tips for keeping your blood sugars stable.

 
The role of stable blood sugars
 
Before we go into the detail of blood sugar and skin and gut health, here’s a quick overview of how important blood sugars are, so that we put it all in context. 
 
Simplistically, blood sugar is our main source of energy, and we get it primarily from eating carbohydrates which our digestive system then breaks down to glucose. This then enters our blood stream and provides energy to cells.  Stable blood sugars are vital for lots of reasons, but here are the most cited ones: 

• Energy regulation – stable blood sugars provide a consistent energy supply preventing energy crashes and fatigue.
• Weight management – stable blood sugars are associated with better weight management. Blood sugar levels spiking quickly up before crashing down, can trigger overeating, especially carbohydrate rich foods, which can lead to weight gain.
• Diabetes prevention – blood glucose levels that remain stubbornly high can lead to insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes. If your blood sugar levels crash too low, then you can be at risk for hypoglycaemia which can lead to headaches and energy crashes amongst other more serious effects. 
• Cognitive function – blood sugar levels can affect brain function and concentration. If you want to perform well, you should aim for stable blood sugar levels. 

Blood sugars and skin health
There are several ways that blood sugars can have an impact on skin health including: 

• Acne and inflammation.  There has been extensive research into the role of nutrition, including high-glycaemic (sugar) diets  and acne. (1)
• Acne is also linked to insulin response. Foods with high glycaemic values (those that make blood glucose levels rise and fall more quickly) are linked to higher insulin levels. (1,2) and higher insulin levels are linked to increased sebum production.
• Premature aging. Elevated blood sugar levels can have a damaging effect on collagen and elastin, both essential for skin firmness, therefore resulting in wrinkles.
• Glycation happens when the sugar in your blood stream attaches to a protein and produces Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs). These harmful free radicals accumulate and then damage further proteins such as collagen, which can then result in stiff, less resilient skin. 
• Eczema, psoriasis, and rosacea. High blood sugar levels have been associated with increased inflammation within the body, which can trigger these common skin conditions. 
• Itchiness. For many eczema sufferers the unbearable itch is one of the worst possible symptoms. Fluctuating blood sugar levels, specifically rapid spikes and crashes, have been observed to trigger increased itchiness. (3). 
• Skin barrier function (e.g., leaky skin). Eczema is closely related with a poor skin barrier which allows moisture to escape and irritants and bacteria to enter the skin more easily. (4)
• Bacterial infections.  Those suffering from eczema/dermatitis are more at risk to skin infections as their impaired skin barrier, which can be affected by blood glucose levels, allow bacteria through more easily. 

 
Blood sugars and gut health
 
Blood sugars and gut health aren’t usually associated by most people; however, high blood sugar levels can influence: 

• Your microbiome, or your own personal population of gut bacteria, which play a crucial role in not only your digestive health, but also your overall health and wellbeing.
• Digestive disorders. Those that are associated with unstable blood sugar levels include irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and intestinal hyperpermeability (Leaky Gut). High glucose levels can also damage the intestinal lining, leading to inflammation and increasing gut permeability (5).
• Systemic inflammation (when your body has an exaggerated immune response to something). Systemic inflammation can damage the gut lining and lead to digestive discomfort and disorders. (6–7). 

 
My top tips for keeping your blood sugars stable. 
 

1. Balance your meals. Protein or fibre slows carbohydrate digestion so consider starting your meal with either of these, rather than first tucking into the pasta or bread. 
2. If you like a sweet treat, consider adding it to the end of a meal instead of having it on its own as a snack. If you do need snacks then try to have some protein first e.g., a handful of nuts and seeds.
3. Avoid ultra-processed foods and drinks. These contain more than the average amount of sugar. Just have a look at the labels!  The simpler ingredients you eat, the less chance you have of eating lots of hidden sugars. 
4. Stress can raise your blood sugar levels, so think about stress-lowering techniques. Can you go for a walk in nature at lunchtime? Can you listen to a meditation in your car before you go into work? Can you do a Yoga Nidra session that you find on YouTube before you go to sleep? 
5. Drink plenty of water. Even if hydration doesn’t lower your blood sugar levels it still helps support your skin and gut health. Try to drink regularly throughout the day rather than gulping down big quantities every so often. 
6. Consider getting a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) for a month. I don’t think everyone should have these for ever, but having one for a month can be really eye opening. What foods make YOU have a sugar spike? You may be surprised. I work with Veri who can supply you with a Freestyle Libre monitor and accompanying app. Clients who work with me can use this tool and have me access their data so that I can help interpret which is the best way of eating for that individual. If you want to find out more get in touch
7. Get a good night’s sleep. How well you sleep can affect your blood sugar levels the next day. I found that out whilst I was using a CGM and found that my normal breakfast had a much worse score the morning after a disturbed night. 

 
I run a 5 day ‘A Week to Reduce Your Sugar Cravings’ Challenge – it’s absolutely free and you can sign up here.
 
Sign up for my news to receive the published articles straight to your inbox. 
 
Read more by clicking below to see my previously published articles: 

• Motivated to change but struggling to stay on track? Tips for long term transformation.

• Symptoms but no idea what’s triggering them? Here are some tips to unravel the mystery.  
• Top Tips for Eating for the Planet without Compromising Your Nutrition 
• I want to eat more plant-based but pulses give me terrible digestive issues
• What is the atopic march?
• Why is eczema/atopic dermatitis itchier at night?
• You’ve been diagnosed with an atopic condition, but what does that mean? 
• Atopic dermatitis/eczema – a chronic condition that effects all ages 
• The skin microbiome, the key to good skin health  
• If one-size-fits all diets worked, don’t you think we would have the magic formula by now? 
  
  

Who Am I? 
I’m Jessica Fonteneau, the Eczema and Digestive Health Nutrition Expert. I’ve worked with hundreds of clients to help them change their diets, better manage their flares, and find relief.
 
My vocation is to help those with eczema and digestive issues, because I have suffered with these interlinked conditions since I was 6 months old, and I truly know what it is like to experience these debilitating conditions. 
 
Every client I have ever worked with has their own triggers and ideal nutrition. There is no such thing as ‘one-size-fits-all’. Whether you work with me one-to-one or use my guided tools, my objective is to help you uncover what works best for you, so that you take back control and experience relief. 
 
My guided programmes are only suitable for adults as children have very specific nutrition requirements. I do, however, work with many child clients as part of my clinic. 
 
I also offer two free communities for adults caring for children with eczema and digestive symptoms, feel free to come and join us and get some well-deserved support. 
 

• Free community for adults with skin and/or digestive issues
• Free community for carers of children with skin and/or digestive issues

 
To easily keep up with my articles, masterclasses, ebooks and online programmes and receive exclusive access to early bird offers, sign-up to my newsletter.  
 
Interested in what I do and who I am? Go to my website: www.jessicafonteneaunutrition.com
 
References: 

1. Meixiong J, Ricco C, Vasavda C, Ho BK. Diet and acne: A systematic review. JAAD Int [Internet]. 2022;7:95–112. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdin.2022.02.012
2. Briganti S, Flori E, Mastrofrancesco A, Ottaviani M. Acne as an altered dermato-endocrine response problem. Exp Dermatol [Internet]. 2020 Sep 1;29(9):833–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/exd.14168
3.  Xu X, Zhang H, Li L, Yang R, Li G, Liu S, et al. Study of the Involvement of the P2Y12 Receptor in Chronic Itching in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Mol Neurobiol [Internet]. 2022;59(3):1604–18. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-021-02676-4
4. Lee Y Bin, Hwang HJ, Kim E, Lim SH, Chung CH, Choi EH. Hyperglycemia-activated 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 increases endoplasmic reticulum stress and skin barrier dysfunction. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2023;13(1):1–13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36294-y
5. Snelson M, de Pasquale C, Ekinci EI, Coughlan MT. Gut microbiome, prebiotics, intestinal permeability and diabetes complications. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab [Internet]. 2021;35(3):101507. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521690X21000245
6. Stecher B. The roles of inflammation, nutrient availability and the commensal microbiota in enteric pathogen infection. Metab Bact Pathog. 2015;297–320. 
7. Andersen CJ, Murphy KE, Fernandez ML. Impact of obesity and metabolic syndrome on immunity. Adv Nutr. 2016;7(1):66–75. 

Histamine intolerance is a recently identified but increasingly considered condition that, whilst not life-threatening, can trigger a range of uncomfortable and often debilitating symptoms. The disparity and variety of symptoms that can be attributed to this condition are so widespread that it took time for the scientific community to observe the common denominator, and it is often misdiagnosed in general practice. 
 
This, the fifth and last article in my ‘histamine’ series, will delve into this condition that is grabbing the attention of the healthcare community, providing you with information that may help you unravel whether histamine intolerance may be a factor in your health. The article covers: 

• What is histamine intolerance?
• Which symptoms hint at a possible histamine intolerance? 
• What are the possible contributory causes? 
• The genetics of histamine intolerance 
• My top tips for lowering your ‘histamine load’.

 
What is histamine intolerance? 
 
Histamine intolerance, also known as histaminosis or histamine sensitivity, is an increasingly recognised condition that affects a significant number of people worldwide. (1,2) is usually defined as the inability to adequately breakdown histamine. 
 
Histamine is a neurotransmitter, found throughout the body, but specifically in the skin, respiratory tract, and the digestive system. It is involved in numerous processes including stomach acid production, and vasodilation (the widening of the blood vessels), but is more commonly known for its pivotal involvement in the immune response. 
 
It is believed that individuals who suffer from histamine intolerance have a deficiency or dysfunction of the DAO (diamine oxidase) or HNMT (histamine-N-methyltransferase, enzymes, which are responsible for breaking down histamine in the body. This slowing of histamine degradation leads to a possible accumulation of histamine, leading to a variety of symptoms, depending on the individual. 
 
It is thought that histamine intolerance prevalence is higher in children than in adults (3), but further studies are needed. My clinical experience, working with many infants and young children with digestive and skin symptoms, is that when true IgE allergies have been ruled out, histamine intolerance is often a route to be explored. Lowering an overall histamine load, rather than assuming that multiple food intolerances are at play, can allow children to retain the all-important macro and micronutrient variety, rather than putting them at risk of strict and restrictive elimination diets which oftentimes worsens the situation and puts their health at risk.
 
Histamine intolerance has, in the past, often been misdiagnosed as whole host of other diseases including food allergy and intolerances, urticaria, eosinophilic gastroenteritis amongst others.  When clients come to see me with negative allergy/intolerance testing, but who swear blind that such and such a food triggers a reaction, histamine intolerance is something that immediately springs to mind. 
 
Which symptoms hint at a possible histamine intolerance? 
As I’ve already explored in previous articles (see links at the end of this feature), histamine intolerance can manifest in a variety of different symptoms, hence the diagnosis difficulty. Common symptoms include: 

• Digestive issues including abdominal cramps and pain, diarrhoea, nausea, and vomiting, bloating and flatulence and acid reflux.
• Skin problems including itchy skin, urticaria and eczema.
• Respiratory symptoms including sneezing, runny or blocked nose, coughing, shortness of breath and wheezing.
• Headaches and migraines

 
What are the possible contributory causes? 
There are several possible contributory causes to histamine intolerance, but the main theory involves the concept of an overall histamine ‘load’ or the cumulative effect of several factors, including: 

• DAO and HNMT enzyme deficiencies, as mentioned above, can contribute to histamine being inadequately broken down and, therefore, more histamine circulating within the body.
• Histamine containing foods. Some foods are known to be high histamine such as spinach, avocados, and dried fruits. An accumulation of too many of these foods in the diet, can add to the histamine load.
• Histamine liberating foods. Whilst these foods don’t contain high histamine levels themselves, they are known to either provoke the liberation of histamine or slow down the action of either DAO or HNMT. These include alcohol, fermented foods and citrus fruits. 
• Gut health. Conditions such as intestinal hyperpermeability (leaky gut), small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) can contribute to histamine load and histamine load also has a worsening effect on the symptoms of these conditions.
• Medications – some medication such as non-steroid anti-inflammatory medications which can bought over the counter and some anti-depressants can also slow histamine metabolism or trigger histamine release. 
• Stress. When your cortisol levels rise in response to stress, it may trigger mast cells to release histamine. 

 
Please note that not every individual will be affected by all the above, and this overview should only support the notion of how your overall histamine load could add up. 
 
The genetics of histamine intolerance 
 
For some experiencing histamine issues, the question of low or slow DAO or HNMT activity may stem from their genetics. DAO inactivates histamine in the gut and HNMT within the nervous system and lungs. Genetic variants on these enzymes or their pathways can lead to histamine intolerance. 
 
Nutrigenomics testing, which I offer through Lifecode Gx, can provide information on our own genes which then informs us on the nutrition and lifestyle changes we can make to align with any variants to optimise health and wellbeing. Lifecode Gx offers a specific Histamine Intolerance test. You can find out more, by clicking the link.   Nutrigenomic testing is the only form of testing that is available from the youngest age. Whilst how you eat and live your life will have an effect on whether a gene variation may have an impact, your genes themselves never change. 
 
My top tips for lowering your histamine load. 

1. Consider your histamine ‘genetics’, do you have variants that slow the metabolism of histamine? 
2. Review your daily histamine load – are you stressed? Have you eaten lots of histamine containing or histamine liberating foods? Are you taking a NSAID or other histamine releasing medication. Now consider, what out of the list you’ve drawn up can you reduce or remove so that your overall load is lessened? 
3. Be aware of food sources of histamine and histamine liberating foods. Try to not have too many in one day or all at one time. Eliminating more and more foods is not the answer and could be very dangerous for your health. Consulting with a nutrition professional is recommended. Follow this link for a list of common high-histamine foods.
4. For some, but not all, DAO supplementation before higher histamine meals can be helpful. 
5. Increase antioxidant and anti-inflammatory foods such as green leafy vegetables (except for spinach, which is high histamine), oily fish and ginger. 
6. Introduce daily activities that help balance your stress. What activity can you do without leaving your home, for 10-15 minutes that brings you joy and lowers your heart rate? Consider drafting a list and committing to doing at least one of those activities daily. 

 
If on medication, please speak to your GP/consultant before making any changes to your diet. 
 
If you are interested in histamine and its impact on symptoms, this article is the second in a series I am currently publishing covering.  The series in total will include:

1. What is the histamine and eczema/dermatitis link? (Already published, view using the link)
2. What’s the histamine and gut health connection? (Already published, view using the link)
3. What is the histamine and auto-immune conditions link (Already published, view using the link)
4. Histamine and oestrogen – why histamine may trigger skin and gut issues at the menopause. ((Already published, view using the link)
5. Histamine Intolerance is it really a thing? (Today's article)

 
Sign up for my news to receive the published articles straight to your inbox. 
 
Read more by clicking below to see my previously published articles: 

• Motivated to change but struggling to stay on track? Tips for long term transformation.

• Symptoms but no idea what’s triggering them? Here are some tips to unravel the mystery.  
• Top Tips for Eating for the Planet without Compromising Your Nutrition 
• I want to eat more plant-based but pulses give me terrible digestive issues
• What is the atopic march?
• Why is eczema/atopic dermatitis itchier at night?
• You’ve been diagnosed with an atopic condition, but what does that mean? 
• Atopic dermatitis/eczema – a chronic condition that effects all ages 
• The skin microbiome, the key to good skin health  
• Autumnal Allergies – Yes, it is a thing
• If one-size-fits all diets worked, don’t you think we would have the magic formula by now? 
  
  

Who Am I? 
​
I’m Jessica Fonteneau, the Eczema and Digestive Health Nutrition Expert. I’ve worked with hundreds of clients to help them change their diets, better manage their flares, and find relief.
 
My vocation is to help those with eczema and digestive issues, because I have suffered with these interlinked conditions since I was 6 months old, and I truly know what it is like to experience these debilitating conditions. 
 
Every client I have ever worked with has their own triggers and ideal nutrition. There is no such thing as ‘one-size-fits-all’. Whether you work with me one-to-one or use my guided tools, my objective is to help you uncover what works best for you, so that you take back control and experience relief. 
 
My guided programmes are only suitable for adults as children have very specific nutrition requirements. I do, however, work with many child clients as part of my clinic. 
 
I also offer two free communities for adults caring for children with eczema and digestive symptoms, feel free to come and join us and get some well-deserved support. 

• Free community for adults with skin and/or digestive issues
• Free community for carers of children with skin and/or digestive issues

 
To easily keep up with my articles, masterclasses, ebooks and online programmes and receive exclusive access to early bird offers, sign-up to my newsletter.  
 
Interested in what I do and who I am? Go to my website: www.jessicafonteneaunutrition.com
 
References: 

1. Schnedl WJ, Enko D. Histamine Intolerance Originates in the Gut. Vol. 13, Nutrients. 2021. 
2. Zhao Y, Zhang X, Jin H, Chen L, Ji J, Zhang Z. Histamine Intolerance—A Kind of Pseudoallergic Reaction. Biomolecules. 2022;12(3):40–8.
3. Martin H, Radoslav D, Huorka M, Wawruch M. Histamine Intolerance — The More We Know the Less We Know. Nutrients. 2021;13:1–21. 

Click on the thumbnails to find out more

It’s a fascinating fact that before puberty, if you are born male, you are more at risk from childhood allergies, but that after puberty those born female are more likely to suffer from conditions relating to immune function including allergies and autoimmune conditions. (1,2)
 
It’s also reported that many people experience an onset, worsening or sometimes remission from eczema and IBS symptoms at certain times in the menstrual cycle or life stage e.g. pregnancy and menopause.
 
Have you ever considered why? 
 
Studies have hinted at the interaction of the neurotransmitter, histamine, and the hormones, oestrogen, and progesterone.  Today’s article, the fourth in my ‘histamine’ series, explores this emerging topic and includes: 

• Histamine a quick review.
• Oestrogen, progesterone, and the menstrual cycle
• Oestrogen, progesterone, and histamine, how might they interact? 
• Histamine levels linked to the menstrual cycle.
• Histamine and pregnancy
• Menopause and histamine imbalance
• My recommendations for keeping histamine in check.

 
Histamine, a quick overview
Histamine is a compound that acts as both a neurotransmitter and an immune system messenger. It is responsible for a range of roles, including immune response, vasodilation (the widening of the blood vessels), and stomach acid production.  Whilst histamine is vital for protecting the bodies against infection and supporting wound healing, too much histamine can lead to various health issues. 
 
 For more detail on how this might link to digestive health, skin conditions or autoimmunity, please see my previous articles, links below.
 
Oestrogen, progesterone, and the menstrual cycle
 
The menstrual cycle is an intricate ballet of hormonal fluctuations, depending on distinct phases, going from menstruation to the follicular phase, ovulation and finally the luteal phase.  During this cycle levels of sex hormones, including oestrogen, progesterone, luteinising hormone, and follicular stimulating hormone, rise and fall with the aim to prepare the body for pregnancy.
 
Oestrogen is a group of sex hormones (estrone, oestradiol and estriol) that plays a key role in the development and functioning of the female reproductive system. Less well considered is the fact that oestrogen also impacts bone health, cardiovascular function, cognitive function, and the modulation of the immune system.  Oestrogen levels are at their highest during the follicular phase, between the first day of a period and the next ovulation (days 1-14).  Oestrogen is primarily excreted from the body following detoxification via the liver. Some oestrogen is, however, recycled and remains in circulation which may lead to oestrogen levels being proportionately higher at some times. 
 
Progesterone, another vital hormone, works in step with oestrogen to regulate the menstrual cycle and prepare the body for a potential pregnancy.  It also plays a role in thermoregulation (cooling you down or keeping your warm), skin health, brain function, and vitally has anti-inflammatory actions.  Progesterone levels are highest during the Luteal phase of your cycle. This is the phase directly after ovulation which lasts until your next cycle begins. 
 
Oestrogen, progesterone, and histamine, how might they interact? 
 
Research suggests that histamine levels are influenced by the hormonal fluctuations that happen during the menstrual cycle. 
 
Oestrogen has been demonstrated to encourage release of histamine from mast cells. This may explain the increase in symptoms such as allergies, migraines and eczema during the follicular phase, reported by many. (1)
 
Some studies, have indicated that oestrogen may not just trigger mast cells to produce histamine  but may also downregulate the production of DAO (diamine oxidase), one of the enzymes that breaks down histamine in the gut. (3,4)
 
Some studies suggest that progesterone may slow mast cells from releasing histamine. (5)
 
Histamine levels linked to the menstrual cycle.
 
A useful, but basic summary, particularly in relation to the topic we are discussing today is the fact that oestrogen can stimulate histamine production and progesterone is anti-inflammatory.  If we know that oestrogen levels are highest during the follicular phase and progesterone’s are highest in the luteal phase, then we can start to consider whether a person’s own symptoms can be mapped to their cycle.  
 
It is important to note that whilst some do report an increased sensitivity to histamine during certain phases of their cycle, many do not. 
 
Histamine and pregnancy
Hormone levels are increased during pregnancy and for those sensitive to histamine, an increase in skin or digestive issues may be experienced at that time. Morning sickness can also be related to histamine’s role in stomach acid production. 
 
On the other hand, during pregnancy the immune system is naturally heightened, which for some results in remission from eczema or other symptoms for the duration of the pregnancy. 
 
Menopause and histamine imbalance
 
The menopause marks the end of the reproductive years and is characterised by a host of hormonal changes including the reduction of oestrogen and the almost total cessation of progesterone production. 
 
Remember, oestrogen can induce histamine production whereas progesterone counter acts the effect with its anti-inflammatory role. So, during the menopause when progesterone levels are almost nil, but oestrogen continues to be produced, the scene is set for histamine load to be higher, and many menopause symptoms are directly related to this, including: 

• Hot flushes. Vasodilation triggered by histamine. 
• Disturbed sleep caused by histamine’s role in the sleep/wake cycle.
• Mood swings and anxiety. High levels of histamine may disturb overall neurotransmitter balance leading to anxiety and mood swings.
• Digestive issues. Reflux, bloating and stomach aches can be linked back to histamine’s role in stomach acid production.
• Skin issues, particularly eczema. Over production of histamine leading to severe eczema flares in susceptible individuals.

 
My recommendations for keeping histamine in check.

1. If you still have a cycle, track it and any symptoms you may experience. Do you find that they get worse at the same point in your cycle each month? The follicular phase (days 1-13) is when oestrogen levels are at their highest and when you might experience worse symptoms.
2. If you identify that you have more premenstrual, perimenopausal, menopausal, skin, autoimmune or digestive symptoms during the follicular phase, consider how you might be able to lower your overall histamine load. 
   1. Food sources - Ensuring you don’t have too many high histamine foods at the same time or close together, might help lower the histamine load. HOWEVER, histamine can be found in many foods and there are many, many contradicting food lists available on the internet. Eliminating more and more foods is not the answer and could be very dangerous for your health. Consulting with a nutrition professional is recommended. Follow this link for a list of common high-histamine foods. 
   2. Reduce any alcohol consumption so that your liver has the capacity to process the oestrogen rather than send it off for recycling.
   3. Stress can increase your histamine load. What 10-minute activity could you do every day that helps with self-care and lowers your stress levels?
3. Vitamins C and B6 are thought to help regulate histamine. Common food sources include:
   1. Vitamin C: red pepper, parsley, orange, lemon, cooked broccoli, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts
   2. B6: poultry salmon and chickpeas.
4. Find out how your genetics may impact your relationship with histamine but also your hormones. The Lifecode Gx Histamine Intolerance and Hormones tests can help unravel where you might need additional nutrition and lifestyle support.  As a Lifecode Gx practitioner I can offer this testing as part of my practice. Click here to find out more.

 
If on medication, please speak to your GP/consultant before making any changes to your diet. 
 
 
If you are interested in histamine and its impact on symptoms, this article is the second in a series I am currently publishing covering.  The series in total will include:

1. What is the histamine and eczema/dermatitis link? (Already published, view using the link)
2. What’s the histamine and gut health connection? (Already published, view using the link)
3. What is the histamine and auto-immune conditions link? (Already published, view using the link)
4. Histamine and oestrogen – why histamine may trigger skin and gut issues at the menopause. (Today's article) 
5. Histamine Intolerance is it really a thing? 

 
Sign up for my news to receive the published articles straight to your inbox. 
 
Read more by clicking below to see my previously published articles: 

• Motivated to change but struggling to stay on track? Tips for long term transformation.

• Symptoms but no idea what’s triggering them? Here are some tips to unravel the mystery.  
• Top Tips for Eating for the Planet without Compromising Your Nutrition 
• I want to eat more plant-based but pulses give me terrible digestive issues
• What is the atopic march?
• Why is eczema/atopic dermatitis itchier at night?
• You’ve been diagnosed with an atopic condition, but what does that mean? 
• Atopic dermatitis/eczema – a chronic condition that effects all ages 
• The skin microbiome, the key to good skin health  
• Autumnal Allergies – Yes, it is a thing
• If one-size-fits all diets worked, don’t you think we would have the magic formula by now? 
  
  

Who Am I? 
I’m Jessica Fonteneau, the Eczema and Digestive Health Nutrition Expert. I’ve worked with hundreds of clients to help them change their diets, better manage their flares, and find relief.
 
My vocation is to help those with eczema and digestive issues, because I have suffered with these interlinked conditions since I was 6 months old, and I truly know what it is like to experience these debilitating conditions. 
 
Every client I have ever worked with has their own triggers and ideal nutrition. There is no such thing as ‘one-size-fits-all’. Whether you work with me one-to-one or use my guided tools, my objective is to help you uncover what works best for you, so that you take back control and experience relief. 
 
My guided programmes are only suitable for adults as children have very specific nutrition requirements. I do, however, work with many child clients as part of my clinic. 
 
I also offer two free communities for adults caring for children with eczema and digestive symptoms, feel free to come and join us and get some well-deserved support. 

• Free community for adults with skin and/or digestive issues
• Free community for carers of children with skin and/or digestive issues

 
To easily keep up with my articles, masterclasses, ebooks and online programmes and receive exclusive access to early bird offers, sign-up to my newsletter.  
 
Interested in what I do and who I am? Go to my website: www.jessicafonteneaunutrition.com
 
References: 

1. Chen W, Mempel M, Schober W, Behrendt H, Ring J. Gender difference, sex hormones, and immediate type hypersensitivity reactions. Allergy Eur J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;63(11):1418–27. 
2. Pali-Schöll I, Jensen-Jarolim E. Gender aspects in food allergy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol [Internet]. 2019;19(3). Available from: https://journals.lww.com/co-allergy/Fulltext/2019/06000/Gender_aspects_in_food_allergy.12.aspx
3. McCallion A, Nasirzadeh Y, Lingegowda H, Miller JE, Khalaj K, Ahn SH, et al. Estrogen mediates inflammatory role of mast cells in endometriosis pathophysiology. Front Immunol. 2022;13(August):1–15. 
4. Afrin LB, Dempsey TT, Rosenthal LS, Dorff SR. Successful mast-cell-targeted treatment of chronic dyspareunia, vaginitis, and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. J Obstet Gynaecol (Lahore) [Internet]. 2019 Jul 4;39(5):664–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2018.1550475
5. Chiarella SE, Cardet JC, Prakash MPHYS. Sex Steroid Receptors and Signaling Airway Epithelial Cells Airway Smooth Muscle Cells The Mononuclear Phagocyte System Innate Lymphoid Cells Eosinophils Unresolved Clinical Questions and Future Directions. 2021; 

 

Every so often a new health buzz word emerges. The new “thing” that, once resolved, will, theoretically, solve everything.  
 
From the questions I get within my community forums or from clients, histamine seems to be the current molecule of interest, particularly in relation to skin, gut and autoimmune issues, but does it deserve this notoriety?  
 
There is a lot to unpick regarding histamine, so I have divided the topic into 5 separate articles. The first is published below and the next four will follow over the next month, so keep watching this space or sign-up for my emails to receive the articles direct to your inbox: 

1. What is the histamine and eczema/dermatitis link?
2. What is the histamine and gut health link? 
3. What is the histamine and auto-immune conditions link? 
4. Histamine and oestrogen – why histamine may trigger skin and gut issues at the menopause.
5. Histamine Intolerance is it really a thing? 

 
What is the histamine and eczema/dermatitis link? 
Today’s article covers: 

• What is histamine? 
• Histamine and the immune system, how does it work? 
• Histamine and eczema, what’s the link? 
• Which eczema types are most linked to histamine.
• My top tips for managing histamine as an eczema/dermatitis trigger.

 
What is histamine? 
 
Histamine is a neurotransmitter, produced by mast cells, found throughout the body, but specifically in the skin, respiratory system, and the gastrointestinal tract, but also by basophils, a type of white blood cell which is involved in an immune reaction. 
 
Histamine is mostly known for its involvement in the immune response cascade (one reaction, causing the next and so on).  This neurotransmitter is directly responsible for itching, redness and swelling (inflammation) but is also involved in numerous other processes including stomach acid, contraction of smooth muscle (muscles involved with respiration and digestion amongst others), and the dilation of blood vessels. 
 
Whilst histamine, the neurotransmitter, is the main driver, there are four different types of histamine receptors (H Receptors) which determine the type or location of a histamine response. (2,3)

• H1 receptors are linked to anaphylactic shock and shortness of breath, the most dangerous of all allergic reactions. However, on the flipside, H1 receptors also involve histamine in sleep-wake cycles, body temperature regulation, emotions, especially anger (think of that momentary hot flush), memory, and learning.  Most histamine related skin reactions are linked to this first category of H receptors.

• H2 receptors are mainly found in the digestive tract and heart and can be linked to stomach acid, low blood pressure, rapid heart rate and headaches.
• H3 receptors manage histamine release from mast cells and neurons within the brain and can be linked to mood via dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, and acetylcholine. 
• H4 receptors are found in bone marrow and are linked to the production of red blood cells, but also inflammatory disorders and autoimmune conditions. 

 
Histamine and the immune system, how does it work? 
 
When the body encounters an allergen, be it environmental (pollen or dust mites, for example) or food (e.g., gluten, dairy etc.) the immune system responds by producing immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies which bind to mast cells and basophils which then trigger the release of histamine. 
 
Histamine release makes blood vessels dilate resulting in blood rushing to the area and leading to the common signs of inflammation: redness, itching and swelling. 
 
Histamine is also involved in the inflammatory response when tissue (or skin) is damaged or infected, causing the blood vessels dilate, drawing blood flow and delivering white blood cells to the damaged area which then help to fight off possible infection.
 
Histamine and eczema/dermatitis – what is the link? 
 
Atopic Eczema alone affects an estimated 20% of children and 10% of adults in the Western world (1), which is an absolutely massive number of people.  If you suffer from any type of eczema/dermatitis you already know that it is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that can be dry, itchy, and inflamed, all symptoms linked to a histamine response. 
 
Most researchers agree that there is a link between histamine and eczema/dermatitis. Histamine triggers inflammation, causing itchiness, redness, swelling and testing has identified that individuals suffering from an eczema/dermatitis flare, have high levels of histamine. What is less clear is what the specific connection is. In other words, just as no two eczema/dermatitis sufferers appear to have the same triggers, the histamine connection may be different for everyone.  
 
In terms of current and recent research, the following three links have been specifically examined: 

1. Whether it triggers eczema/dermatitis in the first place.

1. Whether it only plays a role in exacerbating and maintaining a flare which has already been triggered.
2. Both.

 
Research suggests that histamine’s role in eczema/dermatitis may go beyond its inflammatory role.  Evidence has been found that it may contribute to the breakdown of the skin barrier, resulting in ‘Leaky Skin’, making skin less able to retain moisture and act as a protection against irritants.  This means that potential allergens and irritants cross into the body more easily, triggering an immune response. 
 
Exploring the eczema types most linked to histamine.
 
As we already know, not all eczema/dermatitis is alike, which means that not all types will necessarily have a histamine link, but those that are include:  

• Atopic eczema/dermatitis. This, the most common type of eczema, is associated to allergies and asthma and so it makessense that histamine is linked to this type. However, whilst histamine plays a role in exacerbating symptoms, it isn’t the only driver, other possible causes are low vitamin D status, a SNP on the Filaggrin gene, a poor gut microbiome, amongst others. To learn more about Atopic Eczema/Dermatitis specifically, you can read the linked article.

• Contact dermatitis. Contact dermatitis occurs when the skin comes into direct contact with an allergen or irritant, which can cause an inflammatory response involving histamine. Some of the main triggers for this type of eczema include metals eg. nickel, fragrances, cosmetics, latex, and some plants. 
• Urticaria (hives). Urticaria or hives are raised, itchy welts that appear on the skin and histamine is the main causes of this type of skin reaction. Hives can resolve quickly (which is generally considered less than six weeks) or can persist chronically, for a significant period.
• Prurigo Nodularis. This is a chronic (long-lasting) skin condition which comes up as extremely itchy lumps. Whilst the cause of Prurigo Nodularis is still unknown, histamine has been identified as being linked to the extreme itching individuals suffer.   

 
In summary, here are my 7 top tips for managing histamine as a trigger for eczema/dermatitis: 

1. Identify and avoid triggers. Use a food/environment and symptom diary to log reactions and help identify your own patterns and triggers. You can either use a form or your own diary/journal. Keeping track is essential. 
2. Adopt a low-histamine diet by avoiding some foods that are particularly high in histamine. Some of these foods include aged cheeses, fermented foods, processed meats, alcohol, tomatoes, spinach, and some types of fish.  Complete the histamine quiz here to see if you can identify whether high histamine foods may be an issue for you.
3. Avoid histamine-releasing foods. Whilst some foods aren’t high in histamine, they can trigger a histamine release from the body. These include citrus fruits, strawberries, chocolate, and nuts. Be wary about eliminating too much from your diet as you can make things worse, consider consulting with a nutrition professional. 
4. Support gut health. Histamine is metabolised and broken down in the gut, so the healthier your gut the less likely you are to be affected by histamine.  Consider adding probiotics and prebiotics to your diet. However, careful! Many foods considered good for the gut e.g., kefir and sauerkraut, can trigger histamine flares, so start small and increase rather than going all in immediately.
5. Enzyme supplements. DAO (diamine oxidase) is the enzyme responsible for breaking down histamine in the gut. Taking this supplement before a histamine rich meal may help people with naturally low levels of this enzyme, digest histamine foods better. As before, it is always better to consult with a nutrition practitioner before starting any supplementation.
6. Stress management. Did you know that stress and anxiety can trigger histamine? Include daily stress management techniques to keep yourself calm such as meditation, low impact exercise or hobbies that make your heart sing. 
7. Find out how your genetics may impact your relationship with histamine. The Lifecode Gx Histamine Intolerance test analyses the genes and nutrients needed to breakdown and remove histamine, showing where disruptions occur and how to support optimal function.  

Speak to your medical practitioner, Registered Nutritional Therapist or pharmacist adviser for further guidance. If on medication, please speak to your GP/consultant before making any changes to your diet. 


Histamine Masterclass - 1pm, Thursday 14th September. 

I will be holding an online Masterclass on histamine on Thursday 14th September 2023 at 1pm - claim your early bird ticket at £10.  Don't worry if you can't attend live, you can send your questions in advance and the Masterclass will be emailed to all attendees post the event.
 
Read more: 

• Motivated to change but struggling to stay on track? Tips for long term transformation.

• Symptoms but no idea what’s triggering them? Here are some tips to unravel the mystery.  
• Top Tips for Eating for the Planet without Compromising Your Nutrition 
• I want to eat more plant-based but pulses give me terrible digestive issues
• What is the atopic march?
• Why is eczema/atopic dermatitis itchier at night?
• You’ve been diagnosed with an atopic condition, but what does that mean? 
• Atopic dermatitis/eczema – a chronic condition that effects all ages 
• The skin microbiome, the key to good skin health  
• Autumnal Allergies – Yes, it is a thing
• If one-size-fits all diets worked, don’t you think we would have the magic formula by now? 
  
  

To easily keep up with my articles, masterclasses, ebooks and online programmes and receive exclusive access to early bird offers, sign-up to my newsletter.  
 
Interested in what I do and who I am? Go to my website: www.jessicafonteneaunutrition.com
 
1.           Nutten S. Atopic dermatitis: Global epidemiology and risk factors. Ann Nutr Metab. 2015;66:8–16. 
2.           Buddenkotte J, Maurer M, Steinhoff M. Histamine and antihistamines in atopic dermatitis. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2010;709:73–80. 
3.           Patel RH; Mohiuddin SS. Biochemistry , Histamine. 2023;32491722.