Childhood dermatitis, often referred to as eczema, is a common skin condition that can cause significant discomfort for young children. While various factors can trigger or worsen dermatitis, nutrition plays a crucial role in managing its symptoms. 
 
This article provides a comprehensive guide for parents on how to support their child's skin health covering:

• Understanding childhood dermatitis
• Focus on Anti-Inflammatory Foods
• Identify and Eliminate Potential Food Triggers
• Incorporate Skin-Nourishing Nutrients
• Practical, Child-Friendly Meal Ideas
• Partnering Nutrition with Traditional Medicine

 
Understanding Childhood Dermatitis
 
Childhood dermatitis, commonly known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that presents as dry, itchy, and inflamed patches on the skin. The most common form, atopic dermatitis, often starts in infancy or early childhood and can significantly impact a child's quality of life. The severity and persistence of dermatitis vary greatly from child to child, influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune-related factors.
 
For some children, dermatitis may be a temporary condition that resolves as they reach certain developmental milestones. Many children experience improvement or even complete remission by ages 4 to 5 or during early adolescence. This improvement is often due to the maturation of their immune systems, gut microbiome and skin barrier functions, which reduces sensitivity to triggers and allergens.
 
However, for others, dermatitis can persist into adolescence and adulthood, becoming a more chronic condition. Persistent dermatitis is often associated with a stronger genetic predisposition (such as a family history of eczema, asthma, or allergic rhinitis), more severe early-onset symptoms, or co-existing allergic conditions. For these children, dermatitis requires ongoing management that may combine dietary adjustments, topical treatments, and sometimes systemic medications to control symptoms and prevent flare-ups.
 
It's also important to note that while some children may "grow out" of dermatitis, others may continue to experience flare-ups triggered by environmental factors, stress, or certain foods, even after long periods of remission. An integrative approach that combines nutrition, traditional medical treatments, and lifestyle modifications can be highly effective in managing both the acute and long-term aspects of this condition.
 
By understanding the unique nature of each child's dermatitis, including its potential to resolve or persist, parents and healthcare providers can tailor treatment strategies that optimise skin health and overall well-being.
 
Focus on Anti-Inflammatory Foods
 
Inflammation is a hallmark of dermatitis. Including anti-inflammatory foods in a child's diet can help reduce the severity of skin inflammation and promote healing. Key anti-inflammatory foods to consider include:
 

• Fatty Fish - Salmon, sardines, and mackerel are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, known for their anti-inflammatory properties. For children who dislike fish, consider adding omega-3-rich supplements like fish oil or algal oil, but consult a healthcare provider first.
  
• Fruits and Vegetables - Colourful fruits and vegetables such as blueberries, spinach, and broccoli are rich in antioxidants like vitamin C and polyphenols, which help combat inflammation and support the skin barrier.
  
• Whole Grains - Whole grains like oats, quinoa, and brown rice provide fibre, which supports gut health and, by extension, skin health. Choose whole grains over refined options to minimise inflammation.

 
Identify and Eliminate Potential Food Triggers
 
For some children, certain foods can trigger dermatitis flare-ups. Common triggers include dairy, eggs, nuts, soy, and gluten. An elimination diet can help identify these triggers by removing potential culprits for a few weeks and gradually reintroducing them one at a time, observing any changes in the skin.
 

• Conducting an Elimination Diet – Elimination diets are useful but can be unsafe for young children. An eliminated food may cause a worse and even potentially dangerous reaction when reintroduced. Always undertake an elimination diet under the guidance of a healthcare or nutrition professional to ensure nutritional adequacy and avoid unnecessary food restrictions.
  
• Keeping a Food and Symptom Diary – I always encourage parents to keep a diary of what their child eats and any subsequent skin reactions. This can help pinpoint specific triggers and aid in creating a tailored diet plan. Here's a template version for you to download

 
Incorporate Skin-Nourishing Nutrients
 
Certain nutrients are vital for skin health and can help reduce dermatitis symptoms. These include:
 

• Zinc - Essential for wound healing and maintaining skin integrity, zinc is found in foods like pumpkin seeds, chickpeas, and lean meats.
• Vitamin D - Known for its role in immune function, adequate levels of vitamin D can help manage inflammation. Encourage safe sun exposure and include foods like fortified cereals, eggs, and fatty fish.
• Probiotics and Prebiotics - A healthy gut microbiome is closely linked to skin health. Foods rich in probiotics (like yogurt, kefir, and fermented foods) and prebiotics (like bananas, asparagus, and garlic) can support a balanced gut environment and, potentially, reduce eczema symptoms. Caution however, as fermented foods can often be a trigger for flare for eczema sufferers.

 
Practical, Child-Friendly Meal Ideas
 
Creating meals that are both nutritious and appealing to children can be challenging. Here are a few ideas that incorporate skin-friendly nutrients:
 

• Omega-3 Fish Fingers: Make homemade fish fingers using wild-caught salmon or mackerel, coated in whole grain breadcrumbs and baked instead of fried.
• Colourful Veggie Smoothies: Blend spinach, avocado, and blueberries with a bit of banana for sweetness. Add a spoonful of flaxseed or chia seeds for an omega-3 boost.
• Chickpea and Veggie burgers: Create veggie burgers using mashed chickpeas, grated carrots, and courgette. Bake or pan-fry in olive oil for a nutrient-packed, child-friendly meal.

 
Partnering Nutrition with Traditional Medicine
Every child is unique, and their dermatitis triggers and nutritional needs can vary widely. Combining nutritional therapy with traditional medical approaches offers a more comprehensive strategy for managing childhood dermatitis.

• Complementary Care Plans: By integrating nutritional strategies with conventional treatments, such as emollients, topical corticosteroids, or antihistamines, a more rounded approach can be achieved. Nutrition can help address underlying inflammation and immune responses, while traditional medical treatments can provide immediate relief from symptoms.
• Collaborative Approach: Working in partnership with dermatologists, GPs, and Registered Nutritional Therapists ensures that all aspects of a child's care are considered. This collaboration allows for the development of personalised care plans that address both the internal (nutritional) and external (topical and medical) factors contributing to dermatitis.
• Enhanced Patient Outcomes: By combining the strengths of both nutritional therapy and traditional medicine, parents can help manage their child's dermatitis more effectively, potentially reducing flare-ups, minimising medication use, and improving overall skin health and well-being.

 If you are not sure what questions to ask your GP or dermatologist, here's a handout with a useful list to keep to hand. 

Work with a Registered Nutritional Therapist
 
Partnering with a nutritional therapist who specialises in childhood dermatitis can help create a personalised nutrition plan that targets your child's specific needs.
 

• Personalised Plans - A Registered Nutritional Therapist can help tailor an anti-inflammatory diet plan, identify food sensitivities, and ensure your child gets all the necessary nutrients for overall growth and skin health.
• Educational Support - They can also provide educational resources and support for parents to understand the nutritional choices that benefit their child's skin condition.

 
If you are considering getting support, you can always book in for a free introductory call. Your opportunity to ask questions and find out more.  You can book here:
 
In conclusion: 

Managing childhood dermatitis with the support of the right nutrition can significantly improve a child's quality of life. By focusing on anti-inflammatory foods, identifying potential triggers, and incorporating skin-nourishing nutrients, parents can provide substantial relief for their child's eczema symptoms. Remember, each child's journey with dermatitis is unique, and seeking professional guidance from a nutritional therapist can help tailor a strategy that works best for them.
 

Recent research has increasingly shown how important our gut health is in influencing many aspects of overall well-being, including the risk of developing allergies.
 
A new review has provided insights into how the gut microbiome, essentially the community of bacteria living in our digestive system, might impact allergy risk. It focuses on substances called short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). 
 
SCFAs, such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, are produced when our gut bacteria break down dietary fibres. These SCFAs are believed to have a protective effect against allergies.
 
What Did the Research Review Find?
 
This comprehensive review looked at studies published up until September 2022 to see how SCFAs are linked to allergies. The researchers analysed data from 37 studies. Out of these, 17 studies focused on SCFA levels during pregnancy or early childhood and their connection to the development of allergies later. The other 20 studies examined SCFA levels in people who already had allergies.
 
Key Takeaways: How SCFAs May Help Prevent Allergies
 
The review found some evidence that SCFAs, especially when present during the early years of life, may help protect against developing allergies. This was most noticeable for conditions like eczema, asthma or wheezing, and certain food allergies in children.
 
However, the protective effects varied depending on the type of allergy and the age at which SCFA levels were measured. This suggests that the relationship between gut health and our immune system is quite complex and requires further research.
 
How Can Nutrition Boost Gut Health and SCFA Production? 
 
Given the growing evidence of the benefits of SCFAs in preventing allergies, it's important to understand how our diet affects gut health and the production of these helpful compounds. Diet is a key player in shaping our gut microbiome, and certain foods can help increase SCFA production and improve overall gut health.
 
The Importance of Fibre-Rich Foods
 
SCFAs are mainly produced when gut bacteria ferment dietary fibres. Foods like whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and seeds are rich in these fibres. Specific types of fibres, such as inulin, pectin, and resistant starch, are particularly good at promoting SCFA production.
 
Including a variety of fibre-rich foods in your diet can encourage a diverse gut microbiome, which is linked to higher SCFA levels and potentially a lower risk of allergies. For instance, apples, oats, chicory root, Jerusalem artichokes, and bananas are excellent sources of prebiotic fibres that support healthy gut bacteria.
 
Fermented Foods: Boosting Gut Diversity
 
Fermented foods like yoghurt, kefir, sauerkraut, kimchi, and miso contain live bacteria that can help maintain a healthy gut. These probiotics work alongside dietary fibres to boost SCFA production. Regularly eating fermented foods has been associated with greater diversity in the gut microbiome, which may support SCFA production and overall gut health.
 
The Role of Polyphenols
 
Polyphenols, found in foods such as berries, green tea, and dark chocolate, also play a role in supporting gut health and SCFA production. These plant compounds act like prebiotics or food for the probiotics, by stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria and enhancing the fermentation process that leads to SCFA production. They also have anti-inflammatory properties, which may further help reduce the risk of allergies.
 
Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Fighting Inflammation and Supporting Gut Health
 
Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fatty fish, flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts, are known for their anti-inflammatory benefits. Emerging research suggests that omega-3s may also positively affect the gut microbiome. While more studies are needed to understand their direct impact on SCFA production, omega-3s are beneficial for gut health and inflammation, which may help prevent allergies.
 
Cutting Back on Processed Foods and Sugars
 
Diets high in processed foods, refined sugars, and unhealthy fats can harm gut microbiota diversity and reduce SCFA production. These types of foods are linked to higher inflammation levels and an increased risk of developing allergies. Focusing on whole, nutrient-dense foods while minimising processed options is essential for supporting gut health and optimising SCFA production.
 
Looking Ahead: More Research Needed
 
While the findings from this review are promising, more research is needed to understand exactly how and when SCFAs provide their protective effects. Figuring out whether certain SCFAs are more beneficial at specific stages of development could lead to new strategies for preventing and managing allergies.
 
There’s exciting potential for SCFAs to be used in future treatments for allergies. However, more detailed studies are needed to clarify which SCFAs are most helpful and how they could be used effectively.
 
Conclusion: A New Path in Preventing Allergies
 
This review highlights the increasing awareness of how our gut health plays a role in developing allergies, particularly through the production of SCFAs. While the evidence suggests SCFAs have a protective role, especially in early childhood, there is still much to learn about their full effects. As research advances, SCFAs may become a key part of preventing and managing allergies, offering new hope for those at risk.
 
By focusing on a balanced diet rich in fibre, fermented foods, polyphenols, and omega-3s, we can support gut health and promote SCFA production. This not only strengthens our gut microbiome but also enhances our overall health, making it a vital part of any strategy to prevent allergies. As this area of research grows, combining dietary changes with new microbiome-based therapies could greatly impact how we manage allergies in the future.
 
To read the review in full, follow this link:  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38391245/

You’ve probably heard that Vitamin D is important, but did you know that it can be critical if you suffer from eczema/dermatitis?  
 
This is why one of the first questions I ask clients is whether they know their Vitamin D3 status.  Do you know yours? 
 
If you want to know more about how vitamin D or the lack thereof might be influencing your skin health, read on. Today’s article covers: 

• What is vitamin D3 and why is it important? 
• How gene variations can have an impact on your Vitamin D levels
• Vitamin D and its specific role in Atopic Dermatitis/Eczema
• How can Vitamin D help if you have dermatitis/eczema? 
• How you can ensure that you are getting enough, whilst being careful to not have too much.

 
What is vitamin D3 and why is it important? 
 
Vitamin D3 starts off as cholecalciferol which we, in the main, absorb through our skin through UVB or sunlight exposure. The cholecalciferol then goes through numerous processes in the liver and kidneys to become what is known as a biologically active form, or a form that our body can easily use, calcitriol.  Vitamin D3 is, in fact, more of a hormone than a vitamin and it acts as a signaller to tell hundreds of genes what to do. 
 
We have Vitamin D Receptors (VDR) throughout our body that are just waiting for the calcitriol to come and bind with them. This binding of the calcitriol and the VDR triggers a cascade of vital bodily processes via genes from bone health and calcium metabolism to inflammation and heart health amongst many others.  
 
Vitamin D is most known for its effects on bone health as it helps calcium and phosphorus be absorbed from the gut, essential for the building and formation of strong bones. Low Vitamin D levels are linked to weak bones (Rickets) in children and osteomalacia (bone softening) in adults. (1)
 
Vitamin D is known to have anti-inflammatory properties, which is very useful if you are prone to inflamed skin as most eczema/dermatitis sufferers are. (2)
 
Vitamin D is thought to be important for heart health including hypertension and also brain health, due to the vast number of VDRs that can be found in brain tissue. (3)
 
How gene variations can have an impact on your Vitamin D levels
 
Gene variations you may have can, in some cases, impact on vitamin D availability or how responsive your receptors are to receiving the calcitriol.  
 
If a client comes to me and says that their Vitamin D3 levels are always low, then I would suspect a genetic variant at play either on the GC gene which controls supply of Vitamin D Binding Protein (VDPR) important for transporting Vitamin D around the body or variances on the VDR gene itself, meaning that receptors are less keen to receive and bind to the  circulating Vitamin D. 
 
Another gene variation linked to Atopic Eczema is filaggrin. Vitamin D influences the production and function of skin proteins including filaggrin, so maintaining your Vitamin D levels if you suffer from atopic dermatitis is especially important. 
 
Nutrigenomics testing can be helpful to see gene variances in relation to things like Vitamin D, inflammation or susceptibility to lactose or gluten intolerance amongst many others. I use Lifecode Gx as they provide a variety of reports that can help me unravel a great deal about an individual’s genes and how they are impacting their skin health. 
 
 
Vitamin D and its specific role in Atopic Dermatitis/Eczema
 
Vitamin D is also vital for the growth and repair of skin cells. It supports your skin barrier, which means that it is more resistant to attacks, and it has anti-inflammatory properties that are, as I’ve already mentioned, crucial for skin conditions like dermatitis and psoriasis. 
 
The interesting thing is that the science is clear. If you have eczema, it is very likely that your Vitamin D test results will show that you are Vitamin D deficient. Atopic Eczema sufferers specifically are more likely to be more Vitamin D deficient than the normal population. Have you tested your levels recently? 
 
How can Vitamin D help if you have dermatitis/eczema? 
 
Research has shown that maintaining vitamin D levels can lead to a significant reduction in eczema symptoms, especially inflammation and infection. This is especially clear in the winter months when exposure to sunlight is so much lower.  Many of my clients report that their skin naturally improves in the summer months. (4)
 
As mentioned above, vitamin D helps keep your skin water and infection ‘tight’ thanks to its action on filaggrin, amongst other skin proteins. If your skin is ‘leaky’ you are more at risk of infection or even allowing a contact allergen to trigger a flare.  A healthy skin barrier helps retain moisture as well, and we all know how much moisture a dermatitis sufferer needs to retain ! (5)
 
How you can ensure that you are getting enough, whilst being careful to not have too much.
 
As you may have noticed throughout the article, an optimal (serum) level of Vitamin D3 is vital for health but is also critical for skin health and eczema.  
 
Good sources of Vitamin D3 include: 

• Sunlight – the best and most convenient way of getting natural vitamin D3. Get out into sunlight daily and try to get about 20 minutes sun exposure on bare skin. Ensure that you don’t stay out long enough to suffer a burn. 
• Diet – foods including oily fish (salmon, sardines, mackerel, herrings etc) are good sources of vitamin D. So are fortified foods and egg yolks. The humble mushroom can also be a good source, especially if they’ve been left on a sunny windowsill where they have had their own levels boosted. 
• Supplements - the recommended daily intake varies by age, health status and daily exposure to sunlight, but the UK Government recommends 100 micrograms or 4,000 IU for a healthy adult, per day during the winter months. My advice would be to check with your health or nutrition practitioner to see which dosage is best for you as an individual and to always take a break from supplementing during the summer months. 

 
It is important to note that more is not necessarily better. Too much Vitamin D, specifically from supplementation, can be dangerous for your health. If in any doubt check with a health or nutrition practitioner and test to see where your starting levels are. 

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References. ​
 

1. Charoenngam N, Holick MF. Immunologic effects of vitamin d on human health and disease. Nutrients. 2020;12(7):1–28. 
2. Murdaca G, Gerosa A, Paladin F, Petrocchi L, Banchero S, Gangemi S. Vitamin d and microbiota: Is there a link with allergies? Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(8):1–18. 
3. Mirarchi A, Albi E, Beccari T, Arcuri C. Microglia and Brain Disorders: The Role of Vitamin D and Its Receptor. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(15). 
4. Kim MJ, Kim SN, Lee YW, Choe YB, Ahn KJ. Vitamin D status and efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in atopic dermatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2016;8(12):8–17. 
5. O’Regan GM, Sandilands A, McLean WHI, Irvine AD. Filaggrin in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;122(4):689–93. 

Periorificial dermatitis is a broad term encompassing various skin conditions that affect the face, including perioral dermatitis. (1,2). 
 
Today’s article aims to shed light on periorificial dermatitis, its types, symptoms, and triggers, with dedicated insights for both adults and children. Treatment and care as well as the impact of nutrition on its management will also be explored. 
 
What is periorificial dermatitis? 
 
Periorificial dermatitis is a common, yet often misunderstood skin condition, presenting as rash around the orifices or openings of the face and on the forehead. The different types are: 
 

• Perioral dermatitis: This is the most common form, manifesting as a rash around the mouth and sometimes spreading to the nose and chin areas. It is more common in women and can be made worse by the application of topical steroid creams, thick moisturisers, and certain cosmetic products. 
• Periocular dermatitis: This type affects the skin around the eyes, presenting similar symptoms to perioral dermatitis. Due to the delicate area around the eye, it requires careful and specific treatment approaches. 
• Perinasal dermatitis: Less common than the other types, perinasal dermatitis appears around and sometimes within the nostrils. Like its counterparts it features red, inflamed bumps and may cause discomfort or irritation. 

 
What are the common symptoms? 
 
This condition can be both physically uncomfortable and emotionally distressing.  Common symptoms in adults include: 

• Redness and rash across one or more of the facial regions.
• Itching or burning sensation.
• Dryness and peeling. 
• Inflamed pustules

 
In children periorificial dermatitis is more challenging to diagnose due to overlapping symptoms with other paediatric skin conditions including atopic, contact eczema or even impetigo. 
 
Common triggers
Common triggers include, but are not exclusive to:

• Prolonged topical steroid use
• Skin care products with harsh or irritating ingredients
• Environmental factors such as humidity, wind, UV exposure and pollution
• Hormonal changes and oral contraceptives.
• Stress. 
• Bacterial or fungal overgrowth.

 
Treatment and Care
Medical diagnosis typically involves a clinical examination with a GP or dermatologist. The primary approach to care involves identifying and eliminating triggering factors, such as specific skincare ingredients, environmental irritants or even foods.  
 
For adults, medical treatment often includes topical immunomodulators, antibiotics or mild corticosteroids, however studies have shown that with this form of dermatitis the best course of action is often to leave well alone and not apply any creams at all.  
 
Recommendations focus on restoring the skin barrier along with a gentle, hypoallergenic skin care regime, alongside stress management and dietary changes. 
 
Paediatric management focuses on gentle cleansing and application of hypoallergenic moisturisers to maintain skin hydration. Avoiding known irritants, allergens and intolerances is key, especially if the child has an atopic terrain. I recently worked with an infant whose perioral dermatitis resolved up to 90% with the elimination of one trigger food. 
 
The role of nutrition in managing periorificial dermatitis
 
There is no specific diet that focuses on modulating periorificial dermatitis, but nutrition can play a pivotal role in skin health, providing the correct nutrients to modulate inflammation, support natural immune function and strengthen both the gut and skin microbiomes.   

• Omega 3 Essential Fatty Acids: found in oily fish, flaxseeds and chia can help modulate inflammation, benefiting skin conditions that are characterised by redness and irritation.
• Pro and Prebiotics: gut health is intrinsically linked to skin health. Supporting your gut by eating a daily portion of both probiotics (healthy bacteria), and prebiotics (the foods that the probiotics love) is key. Probiotics include live yogurt, kefir, kombucha, kimchi, fermented vegetables such as gherkins and even sourdough bread. Prebiotic foods include garlic, onions, asparagus, and Jerusalem artichokes. 
• Antioxidant-rich foods: fruits and vegetables are packed with antioxidants that combat oxidative stress, a skin inflammation contributor. Eating a Rainbow of different coloured fruits and vegetables each day provides a good breadth of naturally produced antioxidants. You can click on the link for my free Rainbow Foods Resource. 
• Avoiding triggers. As individuals we can be less tolerant to certain foods. This can be temporary depending on our gut health or can be more long-lasting. Identifying which foods might be triggering an inflammatory response is important. Whilst some common ones include sugar, dairy, egg and gluten, others may be something you wouldn’t have even imagined. Keeping a Food and Symptom diary can really help keep track and identify triggers. You can download your free Food & Symptom Diary here. 
• Hydration: with dermatitis we often think about moisturising our skin using creams, lotions, and potions, but hydration starts from within. Ensuring that you drink regularly throughout the day supports skin hydration and function, assisting in the natural repair of the skin barrier. 

 
Periorificial dermatitis can be challenging but can also be managed with the right approach encompassing medical solutions with lifestyle and nutrition modifications.  Understanding the different types of periorificial dermatitis and recognising the importance of nutrition as the foundation to skin health are key steps towards achieving clearer, healthier skin. 
 
If you haven’t yet been diagnosed it’s essential to consult with your GP or dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis. Remember, nutrition is just one piece of the puzzle, even if it is a vital one. 
 
Skin/Gut Masterclass – Tuesday 19th March 2024 at 12pm UK time. 
 
If you are interested in hearing more about the skin/gut connection I am holding a Masterclass this coming Tuesday, 19th March at 12pm UK time. If you register and are unable to attend, you will receive a recording of the event on Wednesday 20th March. You can register here.
 
References

1. Searle T, Ali FR, Al-Niaimi F. Perioral dermatitis: Diagnosis, proposed etiologies, and management. J Cosmet Dermatol [Internet]. 2021 Dec 1;20(12):3839–48. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.14060
2. Balić A, Vlašić D, Mokos M MB. The Role of the Skin Barrier in Periorificial Dermatitis. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 27(3):169–79. 

Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) is a complex condition that has been gaining attention in the medical community for its role in a variety of symptoms and diseases, including skin conditions such as eczema and dermatitis. (1–3)
 
This article aims to shed light on what MCAS is, how it’s diagnosed, its connection to skin conditions and potential management strategies. 
 
What is MCAS? 
 
MCAS is a condition where mast cells, a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the body’s immune response, behave abnormally, triggering immune related symptoms. 
 
Mast cells play a pivotal role in the management of inflammatory responses, acting as the defensive guardians against pathogens. These cells are found in tissues throughout the body, especially where the body is exposed to contact with foreign bodies, such as the skin, lungs, and digestive tract. 
 
When mast cells detect a foreign substance or an injury they release a variety of different chemical signals including histamine, cytokines, and growth factors, which are all part of the body’s defence systems.  This is normal and what keeps us healthy. 
 
Normally, mast cells help protect the body from disease and aid in wound healing but in MCAS these cells are overly sensitive and release too many of these chemicals leading to a range of symptoms that can affect every part of the body, including the skin, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, respiratory and neurological systems. Long COVID is also thought to involve aspects of MCAS. 
 
Symptoms and Diagnosis
 
The range of symptoms involved in MCAS are vast and can vary significantly from one individual to another. Reported symptoms include: flushing, itching, urticaria (hives), stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, low blood pressure, headaches and breathing issues. The severity of symptoms can range from mild to life-threatening. 
 
As you can tell these are symptoms that can overlap with many other conditions making diagnosis tricky. Officially there are three sets of criteria needed for MCAS diagnosis: 

1. Severe, recurrent symptoms of mast cell activation in at least two organ systems.
2. Laboratory proof that mast cell levels are high
3. Response to mast cell mediator targeting therapy such as antihistamines. 

 
The MCAS, Dermatitis Connection
 
The skin is one of the organs most commonly affected by MCAS and dermatitis (atopic, contact and urticaria) is the most common skin illness linked to this condition.  
 
Dermatitis, characterised by inflammation of the skin, can be exacerbated by the overactive release of histamine and other chemicals from mast cells, leading to redness, itching, and swelling, all symptoms so characteristic of this chronic skin condition.  
 
The different types of eczema/dermatitis have multifactorial root causes including genetic, environmental and immune system factors. The link between MCAS and dermatitis is found within the immune system, particularly in how mast cells can over secrete the chemicals that can exacerbate an existing flare or trigger a new one. A combination of MCAS with chronic, relapsing dermatitis can cause misery for sufferers. 
 
Histamine, one of the most well-known mediators released by mast cells, is involved in immediate allergic reactions and plays a significant role in vasodilation or increased blood flow, and recruitment of other immune cells to the site of injury or infection. If you are interested in learning more about histamine, I have written a series of 5 articles relating to histamine, which can all be found via my website.
 
Understanding the role of mast cells in immune responses and their contribution to conditions like MCAS and dermatitis underscores how intertwined both the immune system and skin health is. What is important to bear in mind is the need for support that may modulate mast cell activity but also alleviate the dermatitis symptoms. 

Management strategies for MCAS-Related Dermatitis
 
Managing diagnosed MCAS and dermatitis needs a rounded approach that takes into account both the overactive mast cells and the dermatitis symptoms. Here are some tips that may help: 

• Identification and avoidance of triggers. Keep a food, environment and symptom diary. Monitor what appears to be triggering your own personal symptoms. These could be foods, alcohol, temperature change, stress or many other things. 
• Diet and nutrition. Keeping your histamine levels low by following a lower histamine diet can be helpful for some. However, eliminating too many foods can lead to further restrictions and can be problematic in the long term. If you want to follow an elimination diet please work with a nutrition or health practitioner. 
• Stress management. Stress is a major mast cell trigger, so keeping your stress levels low is vital. Think about incorporating a daily meditation or yoga practice or even making time to do a hobby that brings you joy. 

 
In summary, MCAS is a multifaceted condition that can significantly impact the physical and mental wellbeing of affected individuals.  Having a medical diagnosis that then provides an appropriate treatment plan that alleviates symptoms is important, however, understanding the root cause of the hyper-activation be it food, environmental, lifestyle factors or stress is vital for long-term health.
 
References. 
 

1. Mihele DM, Nistor PA, Bruma G, Mitran CI, Mitran MI, Condrat CE, et al. Mast Cell Activation Syndrome Update—A Dermatological Perspective. J Pers Med. 2023;13(7). 
2. Frieri M. Mast Cell Activation Syndrome. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol [Internet]. 2018;54(3):353–65. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-015-8487-6
3. Theoharides TC, Perlman AI, Twahir A, Kempuraj D. Mast cell activation: beyond histamine and tryptase. Expert Rev Clin Immunol [Internet]. 2023 Jun 3;19(6):639–54. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/1744666X.2023.2200936

 

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Read more by clicking below to see my previously published articles: 
 

• Motivated to change but struggling to stay on track? Tips for long term transformation.

• Symptoms but no idea what’s triggering them? Here are some tips to unravel the mystery.  
• Top Tips for Eating for the Planet without Compromising Your Nutrition 
• I want to eat more plant-based but pulses give me terrible digestive issues
• What is the atopic march?
• Why is eczema/atopic dermatitis itchier at night?
• You’ve been diagnosed with an atopic condition, but what does that mean? 
• Atopic dermatitis/eczema – a chronic condition that effects all ages 
• The skin microbiome, the key to good skin health  
• Autumnal Allergies – Yes, it is a thing
• If one-size-fits all diets worked, don’t you think we would have the magic formula by now?
  
  

Who Am I? 
I’m Jessica Fonteneau, the Eczema and Digestive Health Nutrition Expert. I’ve worked with hundreds of clients to help them change their diets, better manage their flares, and find relief.
 
My vocation is to help those with eczema and digestive issues, because I have suffered with these interlinked conditions since I was 6 months old, and I truly know what it is like to experience these debilitating conditions. 
 
Every client I have ever worked with has their own triggers and ideal nutrition. There is no such thing as ‘one-size-fits-all’. Whether you work with me one-to-one or use my guided tools, my objective is to help you uncover what works best for you, so that you take back control and experience relief. 
 
My guided programmes are only suitable for adults as children have very specific nutrition requirements. I do, however, work with many child clients as part of my clinic. 
 
I also offer two free communities for adults caring for children with eczema and digestive symptoms, feel free to come and join us and get some well-deserved support. 
 

• Free community for adults with skin and/or digestive issues
• Free community for carers of children with skin and/or digestive issues

 
To easily keep up with my articles, masterclasses, ebooks and online programmes and receive exclusive access to early bird offers, sign-up to my newsletter.  
 
Interested in what I do and who I am? Go to my website: www.jessicafonteneaunutrition.com
 

In my 10 years in clinic, specialising in skin health, I’ve seen first-hand the profound impact diet and lifestyle choices have on skin health. One area that is increasingly grabbing attention is the skin microbiome and its role in conditions like dermatitis/eczema. 
 
In this article I’ll explore what the skin microbiome is, its connection to dermatitis and how paying it some attention can be a crucial step in managing this challenging condition. 
 
The skin microbiome: Our body’s first line of defence.
 
You’ve probably heard of the gut microbiome, the population of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi and viruses that live in our gut, but you may not have heard of the skin microbiome. 
 
The skin microbiome has a similar community of microorganisms that live on our skin and this complex ecosystem is vital in the protection of our skin from harmful pathogens, inflammation regulation and overall skin health.  The skin microbiome is not only part of the skin barrier that stops unwelcome organisms from entering the blood stream, but it also acts as a crucial go-between from the outermost skin layer and the immune system.  
 
It is crucial that a balance of microorganisms be maintained to support the health of any organ that has a microbiome, including skin and gut. When an imbalance occurs in the skin microbiome, skin conditions such as eczema can emerge or worsen.
 
Eczema and Microbiome Balance
 
Eczema, also known as dermatitis, is characterised by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. Research has shown that individuals with eczema often have an altered or unbalanced skin microbiome. (1,2). 
 
Eczema patients frequently have an increase in the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria which plays a role both in inflammation and possible infection.  This imbalance can disrupt the skin’s barrier function, making it more susceptible to irritants and allergens, further worsening eczema symptoms.
 
Nurturing the Skin Microbiome
 
The good news is that we can nurture our skin microbiome, just as we can support our gut bacteria population. Here are some tips to get you started: 

• A diet rich in prebiotics and probiotics can support a healthy microbiome in those organs that have them. Prebiotics include high-fibre vegetables and fruit such as Jerusalem artichokes, garlic, onions and leeks and probiotic foods include fermented foods such as yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut etc. 
• Omega 3 Essential Fatty Acids found in oily fish, flaxseeds and chia seeds can help support lowering the inflammatory response. 
• Choose your skincare wisely. There are now some brands of skincare that include probiotics, but the most important thing is to aim for mild cleansers and moisturisers that don’t strip your skin of its bacteria population. The fewer the ingredients the better. 
• Avoid over-washing. Any eczema sufferer will know that washing too frequently can trigger a flare. Try to keep the skin clean but without washing to hard or long, as this can strip the skin of its natural oils and beneficial bacteria. 
• Stress management. Stress has an impact on so many of the body’s organs, including the skin microbiome. Introduce daily relaxation techniques such as meditation, somatic stretches, or deep breathing exercises. 
• Caution with antibiotic overuse. In the old days antibiotics were prescribed for most illnesses, but we’ve understood over the past decades that sometimes less is more. Antibiotics wipe out all our body’s bacteria, be they good or bad. If you do have to take antibiotics consider upping your pre/probiotic consumption. 

 
 
1.         Barbarot S, Aubert H. Physiopathologie de la dermatite atopique. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2017;144:S14–20. 
2.        Nakatsuji T, Gallo RL. The role of the skin microbiome in atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy, Asthma Immunol [Internet]. 2019;122(3):263–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2018.12.003
 
Sign up for my news to receive the published articles straight to your inbox. 
Read more by clicking below to see my previously published articles: 

• Motivated to change but struggling to stay on track? Tips for long term transformation.

• Symptoms but no idea what’s triggering them? Here are some tips to unravel the mystery.  
• Top Tips for Eating for the Planet without Compromising Your Nutrition 
• I want to eat more plant-based but pulses give me terrible digestive issues
• What is the atopic march?
• Why is eczema/atopic dermatitis itchier at night?
• You’ve been diagnosed with an atopic condition, but what does that mean? 
• Atopic dermatitis/eczema – a chronic condition that effects all ages 
• The skin microbiome, the key to good skin health  
• Autumnal Allergies – Yes, it is a thing
• If one-size-fits all diets worked, don’t you think we would have the magic formula by now?
  
  

Who Am I? 
I’m Jessica Fonteneau, the Eczema and Digestive Health Nutrition Expert. I’ve worked with hundreds of clients to help them change their diets, better manage their flares, and find relief.
 
My vocation is to help those with eczema and digestive issues, because I have suffered with these interlinked conditions since I was 6 months old, and I truly know what it is like to experience these debilitating conditions. 
 
Every client I have ever worked with has their own triggers and ideal nutrition. There is no such thing as ‘one-size-fits-all’. Whether you work with me one-to-one or use my guided tools, my objective is to help you uncover what works best for you, so that you take back control and experience relief. 
 
My guided programmes are only suitable for adults as children have very specific nutrition requirements. I do, however, work with many child clients as part of my clinic. 
 
I also offer two free communities for adults caring for children with eczema and digestive symptoms, feel free to come and join us and get some well-deserved support. 

• Free community for adults with skin and/or digestive issues
• Free community for carers of children with skin and/or digestive issues

 
To easily keep up with my articles, masterclasses, ebooks and online programmes and receive exclusive access to early bird offers, sign-up to my newsletter.  
 
Interested in what I do and who I am? Go to my website: www.jessicafonteneaunutrition.com

As I look out the window and watch the endless, pouring rain, I think of a dermatitis trigger that loves this type of weather, mould.  

There have been quite a few truly tragic stories in the media over the past year, highlighting the devastating impact mould can have on health, particularly in relation to respiratory conditions, but did you even consider whether mould might be triggering your dermatitis flare? 
 
In this blog post, I’ll delve into the intricate relationship between mould exposure and dermatitis and explore ways to reduce the risks. 
 
A short mould overview. 
​
Mould refers to a type of fungus that thrives in damp and humid environments, basically the UK. Common indoor moulds include Aspergillus, Fusarium Stachybotrys chartarum and Clasporium Herbarum.  Stachybotrys chartaruium and Clasporium Herbarum are visible as black mould, but some other moulds are practically invisible to the naked eye.  
 
Mould tends to develop in areas that are out of sight. Just this week, I had a message from a client who said “you know you were questioning me around mould, and I said that there absolutely wasn’t any in my home? Well, we’ve just changed the floor in our kitchen and guess what we found under the lino”. 
 
Moulds, including the infamous black mould, thrive in damp environments such as kitchens, basements, and bathrooms. They can grow on various surfaces, including paper, wood, and fabrics. When mould touches the skin, or when individuals with a mould sensitivity inhale the spores, it can trigger different types of skin rashes characterized by redness, itching, swelling, and sometimes small bumps or blisters.
 
Dermatitis, what does it encompass? 
Dermatitis is a broad term encompassing a whole host of skin conditions from Atopic Eczema to contact dermatitis and even Cutaneous Aspergillosis a skin condition directly linked to the Aspergillus mould.
 
The Mould/Dermatitis Connection
Research has shown a compelling connection between mould exposure and development or worsening of dermatitis symptoms.  
 
People who live or work in damp environments with high mould concentrations have been observed to be more susceptible to skin issues.  It is believed that contact, either directly or via minute mould spores landing on the skin or being breathed in, can trigger inflammation that leads to the symptoms so common in dermatitis or eczema: red patches, itching and often pain. 
 
The most common types of dermatitis linked to mould are: 

• Atopic Dermatitis/Eczema. Mould spores acting as allergens provoke an immune response that result in the characteristic inflamed, itchy skin. 
• Contact dermatitis. Those with occupations putting them in close contact with mould such as building work or agriculture, can be at higher risk. 
• Seborrheic dermatitis. The mechanisms are unclear, but some evidence points to the fact that a microscopic fungus, Malassezia, may contribute to its development. 

 
Mycotoxins

Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by some mould species and which add another complex layer to the mould/dermatitis connection. These substances can enter the body through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. When mycotoxins come into direct contact with the skin, they can disrupt the skin barrier function, leading to increased permeability or leaky skin and higher risk of skin irritations.  Mycotoxins have been found to trigger rosacea, eczema and even acne. 
 
Immune Response

As previously touched on, both mould and mycotoxin exposure can trigger an immune response, leading to both inflammation and skin reactions. Whilst dermatitis isn’t considered an autoimmune condition, the constant igniting of the immune response is tiring for the body and can lead, in turn, to increased susceptibility to infections and inflammation.  An exhausting vicious cycle. 
 
Diagnosis

If you suspect that mould is triggering your skin, then you should go and see your GP for a diagnosis. Blood tests, finger-prick or patch testing can determine whether mould is an issue for you. 
 
Common medical treatments include over-the-counter antihistamines and cortisone creams. 
 
Nutrition practitioners also have access to some functional tests which may be useful. 
 
Tips for Prevention

If you have recurrent dermatitis and are at a loss as to why it is constantly triggered, then it may be worth exploring whether mould might be a cause: 

• Ensure that your home is properly ventilated to allow airflow that discourages the development of damp. 
• Consider using a dehumidifier, particularly in the winter months.
• Check your home for any hidden leaks and explore under flooring. As my client can testify, mould can appear in the most unexpected places.
• Minimise drying clothes on a radiator as it raises the humidity in a room. If you have no choice, consider running a dehumidifier at the same time. 
• Clean regularly, especially behind pieces of furniture where mould can develop without you even realising it. 

 
Sign up for my news to receive the published articles straight to your inbox. 
Read more by clicking below to see my previously published articles: 
 

• Motivated to change but struggling to stay on track? Tips for long term transformation.

• Symptoms but no idea what’s triggering them? Here are some tips to unravel the mystery.  
• Top Tips for Eating for the Planet without Compromising Your Nutrition 
• I want to eat more plant-based but pulses give me terrible digestive issues
• What is the atopic march?
• Why is eczema/atopic dermatitis itchier at night?
• You’ve been diagnosed with an atopic condition, but what does that mean? 
• Atopic dermatitis/eczema – a chronic condition that effects all ages 
• The skin microbiome, the key to good skin health  
• Autumnal Allergies – Yes, it is a thing
• If one-size-fits all diets worked, don’t you think we would have the magic formula by now?
  
  

Who Am I? 
I’m Jessica Fonteneau, the Eczema and Digestive Health Nutrition Expert. I’ve worked with hundreds of clients to help them change their diets, better manage their flares, and find relief.
 
My vocation is to help those with eczema and digestive issues, because I have suffered with these interlinked conditions since I was 6 months old, and I truly know what it is like to experience these debilitating conditions. 
 
Every client I have ever worked with has their own triggers and ideal nutrition. There is no such thing as ‘one-size-fits-all’. Whether you work with me one-to-one or use my guided tools, my objective is to help you uncover what works best for you, so that you take back control and experience relief. 
 
My guided programmes are only suitable for adults as children have very specific nutrition requirements. I do, however, work with many child clients as part of my clinic. 
 
I also offer two free communities for adults caring for children with eczema and digestive symptoms, feel free to come and join us and get some well-deserved support. 
 

• Free community for adults with skin and/or digestive issues
• Free community for carers of children with skin and/or digestive issues

 
To easily keep up with my articles, masterclasses, ebooks and online programmes and receive exclusive access to early bird offers, sign-up to my newsletter.  
 
Interested in what I do and who I am? Go to my website: www.jessicafonteneaunutrition.com
 

www.facebook.com/groups/417030973601268This weeks’ article comes thanks to one of my members in my Free Facebook group for carers of children with gut and/or skin issues. She asked for exactly what it says in the title. Ideas for gently supporting gut health whilst appealing to a fussy eater. 
 
At first glance it may appear that this article is only aimed at children, but it isn’t. You would be surprised how many adults have quite distinctive likes and dislikes when it comes to food. So, this is a great topic to tackle because it effects so many of us, whether we are a parent of a fussy eater, or whether we aren’t that keen on a few foods ourselves. 
 
Last thing before I delve properly into the topic.  My belief is that fussy eaters are born and not made and so I want to take any of notion of guilt straight out of the equation. This is the little anecdote that brought me to that conclusion: 
 
My first-born loves all food, a lot. As an infant/young child he was never happier than when he was eating, and we were amazed by how adventurous he was, so young. I of course, as a first-time parent, foolishly thought that this had something to do with my parenting skills.  As I was soon to find out, my son was born loving food, it had absolutely diddly squat to do with me.
 
My daughter then arrived, and if I was a suspicious sort, I would think that she came specifically to teach me a lesson. Food didn’t interest her. She didn’t like lumps right from the start – baby porridge was a no-no, she just spat it out. She would only eat vegetables that came from tins, and she could outlast my patience at the table, by a considerable mile. She was born suspicious of most foods and there was nothing I could do to change it. 
 
Well, I did manage, but it took years.  She is part of the reason I retrained as a Registered Nutritional Therapy Practitioner, I needed to know more, so I could feed her better. You’ll be pleased to hear that she now eats an amazing variety of foods and cooks for most of her friends. She still doesn’t like yogurts with ‘bits’, however. 
 
Anyway, enough digression. Today’s article is all about which nutrients are helpful to support gut health generally and some tips on how to subtlety incorporate them in the diet so that it slips past the most vigilant of fussy eaters. 
 
A quick overview of our digestive system and what it needs for health.
 
Before we get into the nutrients and tips, just a quick overview of the gut. The gut runs all the way from our mouth to our bottom. Digestion starts in the mouth, specifically for carbohydrates (bread, pasta, flour-based products, potatoes etc), once swallowed the food passes via the oesophagus and is drip fed into the stomach. It then passes through into the small intestine, where most digestion of nutrients takes place, before moving into the large intestine where water is removed, and our gut bacteria continues to break down matter and synthesises certain vitamins. We then finally pass what’s left as a stool, and the process is complete. The whole process is managed thanks to peristalsis, a wave like action that helps propel the food to each area of the digestive stages.
 
Many clients talk about gut problems, but that term is a little vague as issues can occur at any of the stages. We may eat too quickly and not chew enough so that the food is too large, and we experience a sensation that the food is hard to digest. We can have issues with our oesophagus so that some of the stomach acid comes up further than it should, and we experience reflux. We can have too much or even too little stomach acid so our foods, most commonly proteins, aren’t adequately broken down. We can have an issue with  digestive enzymes or bile acids. Bacteria can come up to the small intestine, where they shouldn’t be and trigger small intestinal bowel overgrowth (SIBO). We can have an unbalanced gut bacteria population and constipation in the large intestine. 
 
So which nutrients are good for our digestive system?
 
Here is a list of the nutrients, the tips on how to incorporate them will follow! 

1. Probiotics – most of us have heard of probiotics nowadays. These are the positive gut bacteria that are helpful.  Food sources of probiotics are things like natural yogurt (choose a live version) or kefir. Other probiotic foods are a little trickier for the fussy eater as they are fermented foods such as pickles, kimchi, sauerkraut etc. Although my daughter did go through a phase of loving the French cornichons (mini pickled cucumbers) !  Remember that any probiotics that are eaten don’t stay long in the gut, so you do need to keep having them.
2. Prebiotics – these are the foods that the probiotics love to eat and so are vital to help support our natural probiotic population. Jerusalem artichokes, asparagus, leeks, onions, and garlic. Often these are the types of foods that are tricky to get passed a fussy eaters  eagle eye.
3. Soluble fibre found in oats, linseeds (ground flaxseeds), chia seeds and most vegetables including root vegetables.  Soluble fibre helps the synthesis of a short-chain fatty acid called n-Butyrate in the large intestine, which is an important nutrient for the gut walls. 
4. Zinc rich foods including beef, pork and chicken or seeds such as pumpkin seeds, sea vegetables and whole grains. Zinc is important for gastric acid and is also involved with tissue healing so helps support gut integrity. 
5. L-glutamine, food sources including eggs, beef, pork, poultry, dairy products, raw spinach, raw parsley, and cabbage. 
6. Bone broth is a great source of natural collagen, a key protein to support the gut lining. 

 
How to slip these ingredients into your fussy eater’s diet. 

1. Unless your fussy eater is dairy free, then including natural, live yogurt or kefir is probably the simplest way of introducing probiotics into their diet. If they aren’t that impressed with either, try mixing a tablespoon of one or the other into another type of yogurt that they like, or in with their cereal or porridge.
2. My daughter could spot an onion ‘bit’ at a hundred paces, so I spent her childhood mixing onions and garlic with carrots and a bit of broth to make a base for most of my cooking.  Roasting vegetables is also an easier way for children to eat them. Yes, steamed is better, but roasted is better than none. 
3. Porridge or flapjacks are the easiest way of including soluble fibre and usually goes down well with most people. Adding some ground flaxseed or chia is also relatively easy. 
4. Zinc rich foods are usually easy to incorporate, especially if an omnivore diet is followed. Plant-based sources can be trickier, but I would recommend toasting pumpkin seeds with a tiny bit of maple syrup and offering them as a snack.
5. L-glutamine foods are similar in ease to zinc rich foods if you stick to the animal-based proteins. Raw spinach can be blended into a smoothie. 
6. Bone broth – I get lots and lots of questions about bone broth from my clients, all concerned that it just sounds too difficult to include, but there are simple ways of incorporating it without your fussy eater knowing. I make a big batch and freeze it in ice-cube trays. I then grab some cubes when I am cooking rice, a stew, soup, or gravy and add them in. All the benefits and they won’t even notice! 

 
Sign up for my news to receive the published articles straight to your inbox. 
Read more by clicking below to see my previously published articles: 

• Motivated to change but struggling to stay on track? Tips for long term transformation.

• Symptoms but no idea what’s triggering them? Here are some tips to unravel the mystery.  
• Top Tips for Eating for the Planet without Compromising Your Nutrition 
• I want to eat more plant-based but pulses give me terrible digestive issues
• What is the atopic march?
• Why is eczema/atopic dermatitis itchier at night?
• You’ve been diagnosed with an atopic condition, but what does that mean? 
• Atopic dermatitis/eczema – a chronic condition that effects all ages 
• The skin microbiome, the key to good skin health  
• Autumnal Allergies – Yes, it is a thing
• If one-size-fits all diets worked, don’t you think we would have the magic formula by now?
  
  

Who Am I? 
I’m Jessica Fonteneau, the Eczema and Digestive Health Nutrition Expert. I’ve worked with hundreds of clients to help them change their diets, better manage their flares, and find relief.
 
My vocation is to help those with eczema and digestive issues, because I have suffered with these interlinked conditions since I was 6 months old, and I truly know what it is like to experience these debilitating conditions. 
 
Every client I have ever worked with has their own triggers and ideal nutrition. There is no such thing as ‘one-size-fits-all’. Whether you work with me one-to-one or use my guided tools, my objective is to help you uncover what works best for you, so that you take back control and experience relief. 
 
My guided programmes are only suitable for adults as children have very specific nutrition requirements. I do, however, work with many child clients as part of my clinic. 
 
I also offer two free communities for adults caring for children with eczema and digestive symptoms, feel free to come and join us and get some well-deserved support. 

• Free community for adults with skin and/or digestive issues
• Free community for carers of children with skin and/or digestive issues

 
To easily keep up with my articles, masterclasses, ebooks and online programmes and receive exclusive access to early bird offers, sign-up to my newsletter.  
 
Interested in what I do and who I am? Go to my website: www.jessicafonteneaunutrition.com

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal condition that affects millions of people in Western societies.  Incidence of IBS is on the increase with more and younger people being diagnosed and experiencing symptoms including stomach pain, bloating and irregular bowel movements.  Exact causes are unknown, and IBS remains the common diagnosis once all other digestive conditions have been ruled out. 
 
Ultra-processed foods and drinks (UPFD) are increasing in both consumption and visibility, but so too is the amount of evidence growing that highlights this food group’s problematic relationship with health. 
 
This article will explore the association between consumption of UPFDs and IBS and will give 5 tips on how to transition away from UPFDs if you suffer from IBS.
 
A quick IBS overview
  
IBS is a complex and often long-term (chronic) digestive disorder that effects the large intestine or colon. IBS is considered a functional gut disorder as there is no damage to the gut. Symptoms can vary from person to person, but include a combination of the following: 

• Stomach pain or discomfort which is often relieved by passing a stool.
• Bloating and wind. 
• Diarrhoea or an urgency to go.
• Constipation
• Alternating diarrhoea and constipation 
• Mucus in the stool
• Changes in stool habits. Stool consistency can vary from movement to movement.

 
If you experience any of these symptoms, you should consult with a medical practitioner. 
 
IBS is thought to be caused by several triggers including gut motility (the movement of your stool through your gut), gut microbiome and gut hormones. Diet and stress have been identified as triggers for onset or worsening of IBS symptoms.
 
Ultra-Processed Foods and Drinks.
 
The jury is still out on the classification of what makes a UPFD, however since 2013 the NOVA classification developed by Monteiro et al., (6) has been the system most quoted. The NOVA classification divides products into four categories, from unprocessed or minimally processed foods to ultra-processed foods and drinks: 

• Group 1 – Unprocessed or minimally processed e.g., single ingredients. 
• Group 2 – Processed culinary ingredients. Ingredients such as olive oil, flour or herbs and spices that have been processed by way of pressing, grinding, milling, and drying but have no ingredients added to them.
• Group 3 – Processed Foods – foods that have been canned, pickled, smoked, cured, or fermented. 
• Group 4 – Ultra-Processed Foods and Drinks – formulations made from multiple processes. These are typically energy dense, low on fibre, micronutrients, and phytochemicals and high in unhealthy types of dietary fat, free sugars, and sodium. 

In a nutshell, UPFDs are highly processed products that usually contain a long list of additives, preservatives, and artificial ingredients. They can be found packaged in bright, colourful packaging and they are promoted as being convenient as well as being delicious and economical, as they usually have long shelf lives. 
 
How UPFDs affect gut health including IBS
When a person is diagnosed with IBS, they are often recommended a low FODMAP diet which is fundamentally a very low fibre diet. Many of my clients come to me saying that ultra-processed foods are those that they tolerate the best on this way of eating. What they don’t realise is whilst these foods and drinks appear to be more easily digested, they are, in fact, reinforcing and exacerbating the problem. 
 
Studies have shown that the gut microbiome is different in those who regularly eat UPFDs and those that don’t. Those whose diet includes many UPFDs tend to have a larger population of gut bacteria that is considered more pro-inflammatory (triggers more inflammation).
 
There are numerous ways in which UPFDs affect gut health and can contribute to IBS including: 

• Emulsifiers, such as thickeners and texture improvement agents including carrageenan (CGN). Studies have shown that these have an effect on gut bacteria, the protective gut lining (mucosal barrier) and increase possible inflammation. (7–10)
• Additives. The jury is still out on the impact of additives, but the European Food Standards Authority (EFSA) recommended in 2019 that further research was needed regarding Titanium Oxide (TiO2 or E171) used as a whitening agent in toothpaste, as early studies found that it may worsen existing inflammatory bowel disease.  (11,12)
• High sugar/sweetener levels can exacerbate bloating and wind symptoms. A study also found that high sugar consumption was linked to a change in the gut microbiota. (13)
• Low fibre content – fibre can cause discomfort for someone suffering from IBS, but it is essential for gut health and regular bowel movements.
• Lack of macro and micronutrients. Ultra-processed foods often have imbalanced macro and micronutrient contents. We often think of our gut as just a way ‘through’ but the gut itself, its microbiome population and its wall integrity also need a good variety of nutrients to be fully functioning. 
• High salt – human studies are lacking in this area, but it is thought that high salt levels could influence the immune system encouraging inflammation in the gut. 

5 Top Tips for Transitioning Away from Ultra-processed foods if you have IBS.
 
Caution: someone with IBS who has been following a low FODMAP or low-fibre diet shouldn’t suddenly change their diet.  I would strongly recommend that anyone wishing to modify their diet consult with a medical or nutrition practitioner. 

1. 5 ingredients and less on the label. Start by avoiding foods that list more than 5 ingredients and especially those with ingredients that are hard to pronounce. 
2. Ditch the fizzy drinks. When we are thirsty, we can easily reach for a tea, coffee, or fizzy drink, but hydration, through plain water or herbal teas,  is vital for IBS management, especially if you suffer from constipation. If I could recommend the first thing to eliminate when it comes to ultra-processed foods, I would say ditch the fizzy, sugary drinks. 
3. Avoid emulsifiers and additives – look for carrageenan, titanium oxide or E171 on the food label. They are damaging your microbiome, your gut wall and may be provoking inflammation.
4. Limit foods with the words ‘fortified’ or ‘added’ followed by vitamins and minerals. If a food producer had to add it back in, it means that those nutrients were stripped out during processing.  Natural nutrients beat added ingredients any day. 
5. Reintroduce fibre, but slowly. Fibre is critical for IBS but can provoke symptoms. Start by slowly reintroducing some of the vegetables you have previously excluded, a tablespoon and a vegetable at a time, build up until you have a normal portion and then move on to the next.  

 Sign up for my news to receive the published articles straight to your inbox. 
 
Read more by clicking below to see my previously published articles: 

• Understanding and managing infant dermatitis
• Are you constipated? My top tips for getting your bowel moving.

• Motivated to change but struggling to stay on track? Tips for long term transformation.

• Symptoms but no idea what’s triggering them? Here are some tips to unravel the mystery.  
• Top Tips for Eating for the Planet without Compromising Your Nutrition 
• I want to eat more plant-based but pulses give me terrible digestive issues
• What is the atopic march?
• Why is eczema/atopic dermatitis itchier at night?
• You’ve been diagnosed with an atopic condition, but what does that mean? 
• Atopic dermatitis/eczema – a chronic condition that effects all ages 
• The skin microbiome, the key to good skin health  
• Autumnal Allergies – Yes, it is a thing
• If one-size-fits all diets worked, don’t you think we would have the magic formula by now?
  
  

Who Am I? 
I’m Jessica Fonteneau, the Eczema and Digestive Health Nutrition Expert. I’ve worked with hundreds of clients to help them change their diets, better manage their flares, and find relief.
 
My vocation is to help those with eczema and digestive issues, because I have suffered with these interlinked conditions since I was 6 months old, and I truly know what it is like to experience these debilitating conditions. 
 
Every client I have ever worked with has their own triggers and ideal nutrition. There is no such thing as ‘one-size-fits-all’. Whether you work with me one-to-one or use my guided tools, my objective is to help you uncover what works best for you, so that you take back control and experience relief. 
 
My guided programmes are only suitable for adults as children have very specific nutrition requirements. I do, however, work with many child clients as part of my clinic. 
 
I also offer two free communities for adults caring for children with eczema and digestive symptoms, feel free to come and join us and get some well-deserved support. 
 

• Free community for adults with skin and/or digestive issues
• Free community for carers of children with skin and/or digestive issues

 
To easily keep up with my articles, masterclasses, ebooks and online programmes and receive exclusive access to early bird offers, sign-up to my newsletter.  

There comes a time in most parent’s life when you are faced with your child complaining of stomach-ache and asking to stay home from school. I know, it happened to me frequently with my youngest daughter. 
 
 It can be so hard to judge, especially with younger children, whether the issue is serious or simply an appeal for a day off.  My daughter has admitted that some of those earlier episodes were a case of her just wanting to stay home rather than face a test, but others were genuine. When her stomach aches started to interfere with her high-level sport practice, which she loved, I knew for sure that things weren’t right, and I consulted our GP who referred her to a gastroenterologist. In her case, all was well, but if you have any doubt about your child’s symptoms, consult your own medical practitioner. 
 
Whilst children’s stomach aches can be triggered by many things, for some it comes from Paediatric Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and this article will give an overview on: 

• Understanding paediatric IBS 
• Symptoms
• Managing paediatric IBS
• Tips for how to support your child diagnosed with IBS.

 
Understanding paediatric IBS
 
IBS, whether paediatric or adult, is a functional gastrointestinal disorder. That means that there is no physical damage to the gut, but rather a disorder in how the digestive system is working, which can lead to a range of distressing symptoms. 
 
Paediatric IBS often develops during adolescence, but some children develop the condition at a younger age. It is thought that up to 15% of the paediatric population suffers from this condition. 
 
The name Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) can easily be confused with Irritable Bowel Disease (IBD) which encompasses Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis, but it is a completely different condition. 
 
Symptoms of paediatric IBS

• Abdominal pain – one of the main hallmarks of IBS is recurrent abdominal pain or stomach aches.  Suffers often describe a crampy sensation that is felt anywhere in the abdomen and is often relieved by bowel movements. 
• Altered bowel habits. There may be changes in bowel habits and they could be diarrhoea or constipation, and some may alternate between the two. 
• Bloating and wind – excessive wind and bloating is often seen in paediatric IBS. This can lead to discomfort and abdominal pain. 
• Mucus in stool is observed in some children with IBS. 

 
Diagnosing paediatric IBS
 
Any children with persistent symptoms should see their medical practitioner.  It is worth being aware that diagnosing paediatric IBS can be challenging, because it overlaps with other gastrointestinal disorders, and it is usually diagnosed following a process of elimination via a combination of medical history, physical examination, and tests. 
 
If your family has any history of gastrointestinal disorders, then it is essential to share that information with your medical practitioner.  
 
Tips for how to support your child diagnosed with IBS.

• Whilst dietary modifications can be useful, it is important to consult with a nutrition practitioner before eliminating any foods or food groups out of your child’s diet. 
• A low FODMAP diet is often linked to IBS, but a child’s gut and microbiome are still immature and underdeveloped, removing so many foods could make things worse. 
• Fibre is important for bowel regularity but can sometimes trigger symptoms. Try introducing different types such as soluble or insoluble, cooked versus raw and see what works best with your child. 
• Probiotics are often suggested to support IBS, but supplements can often have the opposite to intended effects. I always recommend starting with probiotic foods such as fermented yogurt, kefir, pickled foods or kombucha, if your child is happy to try them. 
• Stress management is vital as stress and anxiety has been shown to make paediatric IBS symptoms worse. There are a host of meditation apps that are developed for children, think about introducing mindfulness at home. 
• School and social life. Children with IBS may face challenges at school and in social situations. Keeping the school, teachers, school nurse and parents of friends informed of your child’s condition can help ensure proper support wherever your child is. 

 
IBS in children is a real, but often misunderstood condition that can have a significant impact on a child’s daily life. Recognising the symptoms, seeking healthcare advice for proper diagnosis and nutrition support, and introducing some anxiety relief techniques are crucial to help improve quality of life. 
 
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Read more by clicking below to see my previously published articles: 

• Understanding and managing infant dermatitis
• Are you constipated? My top tips for getting your bowel moving.

• Motivated to change but struggling to stay on track? Tips for long term transformation.

• Symptoms but no idea what’s triggering them? Here are some tips to unravel the mystery.  
• Top Tips for Eating for the Planet without Compromising Your Nutrition 
• I want to eat more plant-based but pulses give me terrible digestive issues
• What is the atopic march?
• Why is eczema/atopic dermatitis itchier at night?
• You’ve been diagnosed with an atopic condition, but what does that mean? 
• Atopic dermatitis/eczema – a chronic condition that effects all ages 
• The skin microbiome, the key to good skin health  
• Autumnal Allergies – Yes, it is a thing
• If one-size-fits all diets worked, don’t you think we would have the magic formula by now?
  
  

Who Am I? 
I’m Jessica Fonteneau, the Eczema and Digestive Health Nutrition Expert. I’ve worked with hundreds of clients to help them change their diets, better manage their flares, and find relief.
 
My vocation is to help those with eczema and digestive issues, because I have suffered with these interlinked conditions since I was 6 months old, and I truly know what it is like to experience these debilitating conditions. 
 
Every client I have ever worked with has their own triggers and ideal nutrition. There is no such thing as ‘one-size-fits-all’. Whether you work with me one-to-one or use my guided tools, my objective is to help you uncover what works best for you, so that you take back control and experience relief. 
 
My guided programmes are only suitable for adults as children have very specific nutrition requirements. I do, however, work with many child clients as part of my clinic. 
 
I also offer two free communities for adults caring for children with eczema and digestive symptoms, feel free to come and join us and get some well-deserved support. 

• Free community for adults with skin and/or digestive issues
• Free community for carers of children with skin and/or digestive issues

 
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